Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Tulang Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan Porphyromonas gingivalis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v11i2.46942Abstract
Abstract: Dental and oral diseases are dominated by periodontal disease and tooth decay. The most common type of bacteria that causes periodontal diseases is Porphyromonas gingivalis meanwhile the one that causes dental caries is Streptococcus mutans. Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bones contain high calcium which can produce hydroxyapatite often used for tooth remineralization. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of skipjack tuna bones against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. This was a laboratory experimental study using post test only control design. Data were analyzed with One Way Anova, using five treatments and five repetitions. The results showed that the mean diameter of the inhibition zone of Streptococcus mutans against 5% skipjack tuna bone extract was 8.63±0.24 mm; 10% extract was 9.28±0.12 mm; and 15% extract was 11.05 0.95 mm (p<0.01). Meanwhile, the mean diameter of the inhibition zone of Porphyromonas gingivalis against 5% skipjack tuna bone extract was 6.99±0.94 mm; 10% extract was 7.86 0.63 mm; and 15% extract was 12.63±0.55 mm (p<0.01). In conclusion, skipjack tuna bone extract (Katsuwonus pelamis) at 5%, 10%, and 15% can inhibit Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Extract with the highest concentration (15%) is classified as strong category against both types of bacteria in this study.
Keywords: caries; periodontal diseases; antibacterial; skipjack bone
Abstrak: Masalah mulut didominasi oleh penyakit periodontal dan kerusakan gigi. Bakteri penyebab tersering penyakit periodontal ialah Porphyromonas gingivalis sedangkan pada penyakit karies gigi ialah Streptococcus mutans. Tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) mempunyai kandungan kalsium tinggi yang dapat menghasilkan hidroksiapatit untuk proses remineralisasi gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri tulang ikan cakalang terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Streptococcus mutans. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorium dengan post test only control design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan One Way Anova, yaitu menggunakan lima perlakuan dan lima kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa diameter zona daya hambat Streptococcus mutans dari ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang konsentrasi 5% sebesar 8,63±0,24 mm; konsentrasi 10% sebesar 9,28±0,12 mm; dan konsentrasi 15% sebesar 11,05±0,95 mm (p<0,01). Diameter zona daya hambat Porphyromonas gingivalis dari ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang konsentrasi 5% sebesar 6,99±0,94 mm; konsentrasi 10% sebesar 7,86±0,63 mm; dan konsentrasi 15% sebesar 12,63±0,55 mm (p<0,01). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15% dapat menghambat bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Porphyromonas gingivalis. Ekstrak dengan konsentrasi tertinggi (15%) digolongkan memiliki daya hambat kuat terhadap kedua bakteri uji.
Kata kunci: karies; penyakit periodontal; antibakteri; tulang ikan cakalang
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