Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Prevalensi Karies pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v12i1.50359Abstract
Abstract: Relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in children has been studied in several countries and shows varying results. Poor dental and oral health will have an impact on several aspects of the quality of life of children such as speaking and chewing, resulting in malnutrition and undernutrition. Meanwhile, intake of foods rich in carbohydrates is a risk factor for overweight or obesity, and can also cause caries. This study aimed to review the relationship between BMI and caries prevalence in children. This was a literature review study using databases obtained from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink with related topics. The results showed that there were five literatures that showed no relationship between BMI and the incidence of caries in children. One literature stated that a high BMI was significantly associated with a lower probability of caries occurrence. In conclusion, there was no relationship between body mass index and caries prevalence in children, albeit, a literature stated that a higher BMI was associated with a lower chance of caries.
Keywords: body mass index; caries; DMF-T index; children with caries
Abstrak: Hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan karies gigi pada anak telah diteliti di beberapa negara dan menunjukkan hasil bervariasi. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk akan berdampak pada aspek kualitas hidup anak seperti bicara dan mengunyah sehingga menyebabkan malnutrisi atau kekurangan gizi. Asupan makanan kaya karbohidrat yang merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas juga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah dan mengkaji hasil-hasil penelitian terpublikasi sebelumnya yang berkaitan dengan IMT dan prevalensi karies pada anak serta hubungan antara IMT dengan prevalensi karies pada anak. Penelitian ini berbentuk suatu literature review menggunakan dari Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan SpringerLink dengan topik yang berhubungan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan lima literatur yang secara statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara IMT dengan tingkat kejadian karies pada anak. Satu literatur secara bermakna menyatakan IMT tinggi dikaitkan dengan kemungkinan kejadian karies yang rendah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara IMT dan status karies namun terdapat literatur yang menyatakan IMT lebih tinggi dikaitkan dengan kemungkinan karies yang lebih rendah.
Kata kunci: indeks massa tubuh; karies; indeks DMF-T; anak dengan karies
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