Evaluasi Pendidikan Anatomi Berbasis Kadaver pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v14i1.54309Keywords:
tingkat pengetahuan; pembelajaran berbasis kadaver; anatomi kedokteran gigi, mahasiswa kedokteran gigi; retensi pengetahuanAbstract
Abstract: In dentistry program, anatomy is important to understand in identifying the anatomical structures of the head and neck as a guide in treating dental patients. Cadaver-based learning method has been the gold standard of studying anatomy for a long time. However, due to the development of technology, learning methods have also evolved. Therefore, the effectiveness of cadaver-based learning methods has to being considered. This study aimed to assess the changes in the knowledge level of dental students using cadaver-based learning methods in anatomy education. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design involving a total of 159 students who met the inclusion criteria. Knowledge scores were assessed before, on the same day after cadaver-based learning, and one month after cadaver-based learning. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test with post hoc Wilcoxon. The results showed that there was a significant difference in knowledge levels before and after cadaver-based learning (p<0.001). In the evaluation on the same day, 156 respondents experienced increased scores, while three respondents did not. In the evaluation one month after learning, all respondents showed increased knowledge scores. In conclusion, cadaver-based learning improves students’ knowledge in anatomy immediately after the intervention and in the short term.
Keywords: knowledge level; cadaver-based learning; anatomy for dentistry; dental student; knowledge retention.
Abstrak: Dalam program pendidikan dokter gigi, anatomi penting untuk dipahami dalam mengidentifikasi struktur anatomi kepala dan leher sebagai pedoman dalam perawatan gigi dan mulut pasien. Metode pembelajaran berbasis kadaver telah menjadi baku emas dalam pembelajaran anatomi untuk waktu yang lama. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi, metode pembelajaran juga mengalami perkembangan sehingga efektivitas dari satu metode pembelajaran berbasis kadaver menjadi pertimbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan unutuk menilai perubahan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi setelah mengikuti metode pembelajaran berbasis kadaver. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang yang melibatkan 159 responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Skor pengetahuan diukur sebelum, setelah pembelajaran pada hari yang sama, serta satu bulan setelah intervensi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Friedman dengan post-hoc Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah pembelajaran berbasis kadaver (p<0,001). Pada evaluasi hari yang sama, sebanyak 156 responden mengalami peningkatan skor, sedangkan tidak pada tiga responden. Evaluasi pasca satu bulan pembelajaran, seluruh responden menunjukkan peningkatan skor pengetahuan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pembelajaran berbasis kadaver terbukti meningkatkan pengetahuan anatomi, baik segera setelah intervensi maupun dalam retensi jangka pendek.
Kata kunci: tingkat pengetahuan; pembelajaran berbasis cadaver; anatomi kedokteran gigi, mahasiswa kedokteran gigi; retensi pengetahuan
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