Hubungan Perilaku Menyikat Gigi dan Kejadian Karies Gigi pada Anak Usia Sekolah di Desa Wori
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v13i1.55681Abstract
Abstract: Dental caries is still a significant health problem among school-age children 6 – 12 years in Southeast Asian countries. Tooth brushing behavior plays an important role in oral and dental health status. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between tooth brushing behavior and the incidence of dental caries among school-age children at Desa Wori. This was an analytical and observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples of 153 students were selected using the stratified proportionate random sampling technique. We used questionnaire to evaluate the tooth brushing behavior which had been tested for validity and reliability, meanwhile the examination of dental caries was performed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The results showed that 24 students brushed their teeth correctly and did not have dental caries, while 52 students brushed their teeth correctly but had dental caries. Moreover, 10 students had poor brushing behavior but had no dental caries, meanwhile 67 students had poor behavior and had dental caries. The chi-square test obtained a p-value of 0.006 (p≤0.05). In conclusion there is a significant relationship between tooth brushing behavior and the incidence of dental caries among school-age children at Desa Wori.
Keywords: tooth brushing behavior; dental caries; school-age children
Abstrak: Karies gigi masih merupakan masalah kesehatan yang signifikan pada anak usia sekolah 6–12 tahun di negara-negara Asia Tenggara. Perilaku menyikat gigi memegang peranan penting dalam status kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku menyikat gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak usia sekolah di Desa Wori. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Partisipan sebanyak 153 siswa dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik stratified proportionate random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk perilaku menyikat gigi ialah kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas serta pemeriksaan karies gigi menggunakan International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa 24 siswa memiliki perilaku menyikat gigi yang baik dan tidak ada karies gigi, sedangkan 52 siswa memiliki perilaku menyikat gigi dengan baik tetapi ada karies gigi. Kemudian ditemukan 10 siswa memiliki perilaku menyikat gigi yang kurang baik dan tidak ada karies gigi, sedangkan 67 siswa memiliki perilaku kurang baik dan ada karies gigi. Uji chi-square mendapatkan nilai p=0,006 (p≤ 0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara perilaku menyikat gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak usia sekolah di Desa Wori.
Kata kunci: perilaku menyikat gigi; kejadian karies gigi; anak usia sekolah
References
Daly B, Batchelor P, Treasure E, Watt R. Essential Dental Public Health (2nd ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2013. p. 30.
World Health Organization. Oral health [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Oct 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health
World Health Organization Africa. Overview (oral health) [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Sep 28]. Available from: https://www.afro.who.int/node/11223
Peres MA, Macpherson LMD, Weyant RJ, Daly B, Venturelli R, Mathur MR, et al. Oral diseases: a global public health challenge. Lancet. 2019;394(10194):249–60. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31146-8
World Health Organization. Oral health [Internet]. [cited 2022 Oct 12]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ health-topics/oral-health#tab=tab_1
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Potret sehat Indonesia dari riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Sep 28]. Available from: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/print/18110200003/potret-sehat-indonesia-dari-riskesdas-2018.html
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Situasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut 2019 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Sep 28]. Available from: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/20030900005/situasi-kesehatan-gigi-dan-mulut-2019.html
Riset Kesehatan Dasar Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Laporan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2019.
Sikri VK. Dental Caries (1st ed). New Delhi: CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd.; 2017. p. 25.
Mukhbitin F. Gambaran kejadian karies gigi pada siswa kelas 3 MI Al-Mutmainnah. J Promkes. 2018;6(2):155–66.
Hanum NA, Hamid A, Ismalayani. Tingkat risiko karies gigi permanen anak-anak taman kanak-kanak. Kesehat Gigi dan Mulut. 2019;1(1):23–8.
Kale SS, Kakodkar P, Shetiya SH, Rizwan SA. Dental caries prevalence among 5- to 15-year-old children from SEAR countries of WHO: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Dent Res. 2019;30(6):937–47. Doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_654_17
Dean JA. McDonald and Avery’s Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent [10th ed]. Jones J, Vinson L, editors. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2016. p. 134.
Ibrahim REHM, Helaly MO, Ahmed EMA. Assessment of brushing techniques in school children and its association with dental caries, Omdurman, 2019. Int J Dent. 2021;2021(4);1–6. Doi: 10.1155/2021/4383418
Ambarawati IGD, Sukrama IDM, Yasa IWPS. Deteksi gen Gtf-B Streptococcus mutans dalam plak dengan gigi karies pada siswa di SD N 29 Dangin Puri. 2020;11(3):1049–55. Doi: https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v11i3.337
Utami S. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status karies gigi anak usia prasekolah Kabupaten Sleman tahun 2015. Mutiara Med J Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2018;18(2):67–70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.18196/mm.180218
Islamiati N, Suryanti N, Setiawan AS. Hubungan penilaian diri dan perilaku kebersihan gigi mulut pada remaja dan ibu. Padjadjaran J Dent Res students. 2022;6(2):111–9. Doi : https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v6i2.33251
Anitasari S, Rahayu NE. The relation of frequency of teeth brush with oral hygiene of state elementary school. Dent J (Majalah Kedokt Gigi). 2005;38(2):88–90. Doi: https://doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v38.i2.p88-90
Laksmiastuti SR, Astoeti TE, Sutadi H, Budiardjo SB. Caries risk factors among children aged 3–5 years old in Indonesia. Contemp Clin Dent. 2019;10(3)8:507–11. Doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_877_18
Amraeni Y, Nirwan M. Sosial budaya kesehatan dan lingkungan masyarakat pesisir dan tambang [Internet]. 1st ed. Nasrudin M, editor. Pekalongan: Nasya Expanding Management; 2021. h. 15.
Maramis JL, Yuliana NM. Peran orang tua dalam memelihara kesehatan gigi mulut dengan karies gigi pada anak sekolah dasar kelas 1-3 di Desa Wori Kecamatan Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. JIGIM (Jurnal Ilm Gigi dan Mulut). 2019;2(1):26–31. Doi: 10.47718/jgm.v2i1.1411
Gurning F, Aidha Z, Nanda M. Masalah Kesehatan Masyarakat Pesisir [Internet]. (1st ed). Medan: Merdeka Kreasi Group; 2021. p. 18, 20.
Rizkika L, Mintjelungan CN, Zuliari K, Khoman J. Hubungan teknik menyikat gigi dengan keparahan resesi gingiva pada masyarakat pesisir pantai di Kawasan Megamas Kota Manado. e-GiGi. 2019;7(2):65–70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.7.2.2019.23929
Nowak AJ, Christensen JR, Mabry TR, Townsand JA, Wells MH. Pediatric Dentistry (6th ed). Elsevier Health Sciences; 2018. p. 1301, 1325.
Zandona AF. Detection and assessment of dental caries a clinical guide. Zandona AF, Longbottom C, editors. Detection and Assessment of Dental Caries. Springer; 2019. p. 56.
Riekert K, Ockene J, Pbert L, editors. Handbook of Health Behavior Change (4th ed). The Oxford Handbook of Health Psychology. Springer; 2014. p. 88.
Lee J, Han DH, Kim H, Park SY. Factors related to children’s tooth-brushing at different ages: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Psychol Heal Med. 2020;26(2):228-41. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 13548506.2019.1683870
Mark AM. Keeping your smile healthy. J Am Dent Assoc. 2021;152(10):876. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j .adaj.2021.07.025
Karamehmedovic E, Bajric E, Virtanen JI. Oral health behaviour of nine-year-old children and their parents in Sarajevo. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3235. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063235
Baumgartner CS, Wang NJ, Wigen TI. Oral health behaviours in 12-year-olds. Association with caries and characteristics of the children ? Acta Odontol Scand. 2022;80(1):15–20. Doi:https://doi.org/10. 1080/00016357.2021.1933173
Kotsanos N, Sarnat H, Park K, editors. Pediatric Dentistry (1st ed). Dental Clinics of North America. Springer; 2022. p. 273.
Nath SK, Noor AE, Podder CP, Chowdhury MTH. Oral health behavior and dental caries status: a comparative study between rural and urban school-going children in Dhaka Division. Updat Dent Coll J. 2022;12(1):3–7. Doi:10.3329/updcj.v12i1.56122
Hiremath S. Textbook of public Health Dentistry (3rd ed). Elsevier; 2016.
Hidayani WR. Risk factors related to dental caries in elementary school students of class IV-VI in Singaparna District, Tasikmalaya Regency in 2019. Advances in Health Sciences Research. 2020;24:259–65. Doi: 10.2991/ahsr.k.200311.049
Boyd L, Mallonee L, Wyche C. Wilkins’ Clinical Practice Of The Dental Hygienist (13th ed). Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2021. p. 1339, 1343.
Muthu MS, Kumar S. Pediatric Dentistry Principles and Practice [Internet]. (3rd ed). Muthu M, Sivakumar N, editors. Elsevier; 2022. Available from: https://www.ptonline.com/articles/how-to-get-better-mfi-results
Ahad M, Gheena S. Awareness of tooth brushing techniques and proper oral hygiene among school children. J Pharm Sci Res. 2015;7(6):367–72.
Coffey N, Leary F, Burke F, Plant BJ, Roberts A, Hayes M. Self-reported dental attendance, oral hygiene habits, and dietary habits of adults with cystic fibrosis. Spec care dentist. 2023;43(4):401-8. Doi: 10.1111/scd.12773
Bennadi D, Mythri H, Bharatesh JV. Oral Health Status and Oral Health-Related Behavior among Schoolchildren of Tumkur. J Indian Assoc Public Heal Dent. 2022;20(4):403. Doi: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_119_21
Bhuiyan MAA, Anwar HB, Anwar RB, Ali MN, Agrawal P. Oral hygiene awareness and practices among a sample of primary school children in rural Bangladesh. Dent J. 2020;8(2):36. Doi: 10.3390/dj8020036
Marwah N. Textbook of Pediatrics (4th ed). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2019. p. 164.
Nngsih DMDA, Hutomo LC, Rahaswanti LWA, Studi P, et al. Gambaran perilaku menggosok gigi terhadap kejadian karies gigi pada anak usia sekolah dasar di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidemen, Kecamatan Sidemen, Kabupaten Karangasem pada Juni-Juli 2013. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana. 2015;4(2):1-9. Available from: http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum.
Harris N, Godoy F, Nathe C. Primary Preventive Dentistry (8th ed). Pearson; 2014. p. 151.
Kumar D, Kalra N, Tyagi R, Khatri A, Khandelwal D, Kumar S. Oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices in 6-12-year-old school-going children of North East Delhi. Int J Prev Clin Dent Res. 2018;5(1):12–5. Available from: www.ijpcdr.com/pdf/2018/January-March/03_DR%20DHEERAJ%20DR%20DEEPAK.pdf
Hilton T, Ferracane J, Broome J. Summitt’s Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry A Contemporary Aproach (4th ed). Quintessence; 2013.
Tran TT, Hoang NT, Hoang TD, Luu HN. Caries status and risk factors among urban and rural primary students in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. J Glob Heal Sci. 2020;2(2):1–12. Doi: 10.35500/jghs.2020.2.e27
Rekawati A, Frisca F. Hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi makanan kariogenik terhadap prevalensi karies gigi pada anak SD Negeri 3 Fajar Mataram. Tarumanagara Med J. 2020;2(2):205–10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.24912/ tmj.v3i1.9719
Achmad H, Ramadhany S, Mudjari S, Adam AM. Determinant factors of dental caries in Indonesian children age 8-12 years. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2018;18(1):1–7. Doi: 10.4034/PBOCI.2018.181.64
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Vonny N. S. Wowor, Janno B. B. Bernadus, Grace M. P. Lumbangaol
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
