Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Amaranthus hybridus L. dalam Pelarut Heksana, Etil Asetat, dan Air
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v13i1.56111Abstract
Abstract: Noncommunicable diseases, such diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and cancer, caused by inter alia imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants within the body, known as oxidative stress. Antioxidants from outside the body are required as antioxidants within the body are not enough to ward off excessive free radicals. Amaranthus hybridus L. plant is quite popular among Indonesian people due to its fast harvest and advantages for health, including its natural antioxidants potency. This study aimed to determine the comparison of antioxidant activities among n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extract of A. hybridus L. leaves. This was an experimental laboratory study. Amaranthus hybridus L. simplicia extracted with maceration in n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aquadest. Antioxidant activities of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extract of A. hybridus L. were examined with 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in 517 nm wavelength by using microplate reader. The results showed that the IC50 values of A. hybridus L. n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extract respectively were 131.81 mg/mL, 103.53 mg/mL, and 79.61 mg/mL. In conclusion, there are differences in antioxidant activities between n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extract of A. hybridus L. This occur due to differences in the polarity of each solvent.
Keywords: Amaranthus hybridus L.; antioxidant activities; maceration; solvent polarity
Abstrak: Penyakit tidak menular, seperti diabetes melitus, aterosklerosis, dan kanker, disebabkan antara lain oleh ketidakseimbangan antara radikal bebas dan antioksidan dalam tubuh (stres oksidatif). Antioksidan dari luar tubuh diperlukan karena antioksidan dari dalam tubuh tidak cukup untuk menangkal radikal bebas berlebih. Tanaman Amaranthus hybridus L. cukup diminati masyarakat Indonesia karena waktu panen yang singkat dan manfaatnya bagi kesehatan, termasuk potensi antioksidan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak heksana, etil asetat, dan air daun A. hybridus L. Jenis penelitian ini berupa studi eksperimental laboratorik. Simplisia A. hybridus L. diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dalam pelarut heksana, etil asetat, dan air. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak heksana, etil asetat, dan air daun A. hybridus L. diuji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) pada panjang gelombang 517 nm dengan menggunakan microplate reader. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai IC50 ekstrak heksana, etil asetat, dan air daun A. hybridus L. secara berturut-turut sebesar 131,81 mg/mL, 103,53 mg/mL, dan 79,61 mg/mL. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan aktivitas antioksidan antara ekstrak heksana, etil asetat, dan air daun Amaranthus hybridus L. Hal ini terjadi karena perbedaan polaritas dari masing-masing pelarut.
Kata kunci: Amaranthus hybridus L.; aktivitas antioksidan; maserasi; polaritas pelarut
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