Manajemen Klinis Fenestrasi Apikal pada Gigi Sulung: Laporan Kasus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v14i1.64784Keywords:
fenestrasi apikal; ekstraksi; penyembuhan jaringan lunak; gigi sulungAbstract
Abstract: Apical fenestration is a defect in the apical region of a tooth root that penetrates the oral mucosa. Unlike dehiscence, which involves the marginal bone, fenestration is limited to the apical portion of the root and may arise from physiological or pathological processes. Although the exact cause remains unclear, several predisposing factors, including prominent root morphology, malocclusion, buccal or labial tooth position, and thin cortical bone, have been associated with its occurrence. This case report describes the management of apical fenestration in a 5-year-old male patient who presented to the Dental and Oral Hospital, Jenderal Achmad Yani University, with a complaint of the upper left primary incisor root protruding through the labial gingiva. Clinical examination revealed that the apical tip of tooth 61 had penetrated the alveolar bone and was visible intraorally as a rounded projection with surrounding erythema. The treatment consisted of extraction of the remaining root of tooth 61. Follow-up evaluation one month after surgery demonstrated satisfactory soft-tissue healing without signs of secondary infection. The management of apical fenestration in primary teeth requires accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent complications. In this case, the clinical intervention resulted in favourable healing and periodontal improvement, demonstrating that a well-planned approach can lead to a good prognosis.
Keywords: apical fenestration; extraction; soft tissue healing; primary teeth
Abstrak: Fenestrasi apikal adalah suatu defek pada daerah apikal akar gigi yang menembus mukosa mulut. Berbeda dengan dehiscence yang melibatkan tulang marginal, fenestrasi hanya terbatas pada bagian apikal akar dan dapat terjadi akibat proses fisiologis maupun patologis. Meskipun penyebab pastinya belum diketahui, beberapa faktor predisposisi seperti morfologi akar yang menonjol, maloklusi, posisi gigi yang lebih bukal atau labial, serta ketebalan tulang kortikal yang tipis diduga berperan dalam terjadinya kondisi ini. Laporan kasus ini menjelaskan penatalaksanaan fenestrasi apikal pada seorang anak laki-laki berusia 5 tahun yang datang ke Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani dengan keluhan adanya bagian akar gigi insisivus sentralis kiri atas yang menonjol pada daerah gingiva labial. Pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan bahwa ujung apikal gigi 61 telah menembus tulang alveolar dan tampak secara intraoral berbentuk bulat dengan jaringan sekitarnya yang eritematosa. Perawatan yang dilakukan berupa ekstraksi sisa akar gigi 61. Evaluasi hasil perawatan setelah satu bulan menunjukkan penyembuhan jaringan lunak yang baik tanpa tanda-tanda infeksi sekunder. Penanganan fenestrasi apikal pada gigi sulung memerlukan diagnosis tepat dan terapi yang sesuai untuk mencegah komplikasi. Pada kasus ini, intervensi klinis menunjukkan hasil baik dengan penyembuhan jaringan dan perbaikan kondisi periodontal, sehingga menegaskan bahwa tata laksana yang terencana dapat memberikan prognosis yang baik.
Kata kunci: fenestrasi apikal; ekstraksi; penyembuhan jaringan lunak; gigi sulung
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