Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputer https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom <p>Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering is a scientific electronic journal (e-journal) published by the Electrical Engineering Study Program, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi. This e-journal is a publication and information forum for papers, theses, research, planning, and design concepts, as well as analysis from students, lecturers, or other writers. This e-journal contains various studies on energy conversion, robotics, computer hardware and software, control systems, electronics, artificial intelligence, databases, computer security, multimedia, animation, internet, etc. related to Electrical and Computer Engineering.</p> <p>This paper or article can be written in English or Indonesian, and issued in April, August, and December.</p> <p><strong>This Journal is already indexed on </strong><a title="google scholar Ejournal JTEDK " href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VQuHgYoAAAAJ&amp;hl=id" target="_blank" rel="noopener">google scholar</a> ; <a href="https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/journal/view/1028" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Garuda Kemdikbud;</a> <a href="https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=130323" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Index Copernicus International (ICI)</a></p> en-US <p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" rel="license"><img style="border-width: 0;" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></a><br />Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputer (JTEK) is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.</p> nn@gmail.com (.) nn@gmail.com (.) Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0800 OJS 3.3.0.12 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Analisa Pengaruh Arus Eksitasi terhadap Daya Reaktif Generator https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/51067 <p><em>Abstract —</em><em> The output voltage changes at any time up or down will have an effect such as damage to generator components to overcome the instability of the voltage produced by the generator, a device is needed to regulate the excitation current, namely the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) which works on the exciter, if the load decreases, the AVR will instruct the exciter to reduce the excitation current. A synchronous generator is an electrical machine that produces voltage and current (AC) by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy utilizing electromotive force (EMF). This study aims to analyze the effect of excitation current on generator reactive power. In this study, Lahendong Geothermal Power Plant uses an excitation system with brushes supplied by an excitation machine. Based on the data from the calculation of reactive power, the reactive power value obtained in the minimum of 3 samples is 2.96 MVAR, 2.97 MVAR, and 2.1 MVAR </em><em>and at the same time the excitation current has increased by 15 Amperes so it can be concluded that the more reactive power increases, the excitation current also increases, therefore the excitation current will affect the value of the reactive power generated must be comparable.</em></p> <p><em>Keywords— </em><em>Automatic Voltage Regulator; Excitation Current; Generator; Output Voltage; Reactive Power</em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><em>Abstrak </em>— Tegangan keluaran berubah-ubah setiap saat naik atau turun akan memberikan dampak seperti kerusakan terhadap komponen generator dalam mengatasi ketidakstabilan tegangan yang dihasilkan generator diperlukan alat untuk mengatur arus eksitasi yaitu <em>Automatic Voltage Regulator</em> (AVR) yang bekerja pada eksiter, apabila beban berkurang maka AVR akan memerintahkan eksiter untuk mengurangi arus eksitasi. Generator sinkron merupakan mesin listrik yang menghasilkan tegangan dan arus (AC) dengan cara mengkonversikan energi mekanik menjadi energi listrik memanfaatkan gaya gerak listrik (GGL). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh arus eksitasi terhadap daya reaktif generator. Pada penelitian ini PLTP Lahendong menggunakan sistem eksitasi dengan brush disuplai oleh mesin eksiter. Berdasarkan data hasil perhitungan daya reaktif didapat nilai daya reaktif yang diperoleh minimum dari 3 sampel sebesar 2.96 MVAR, 2.97 MVAR, dan 2.1 MVAR dan pada saat bersamaan arus eksitasi mengalami kenaikan sebesar 15 Ampere sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin meningkat daya reaktif maka arus eksitasi juga meningkat, Oleh karena itu arus eksitasi akan mempengaruhi nilai daya reaktif yang dihasilkan harus sebanding.</p> <p><em>Kata kunci</em>— Arus Eksitasi; Daya Reaktif; Generator; Pengatur Tegangan; Tegangan Keluaran</p> Agnesia Palit, Glanny Mangindaan, Novi Tulung (Author) Copyright (c) 2024 Agnesia Palit, Glanny Mangindaan, Novi Tulung (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/51067 Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0800 Sistem Otomatis Pengisian Water Truck Pada Area Waterfill di Pertambangan Batubara https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/56536 <p><em>Abstract </em>— <em>At PT. Darma Henwa Asam-Asam Coal Project site, the water truck unit operator must get off to start the waterfill engine to fill the water in the Water Truck unit tank, so it takes quite a long time and has the potential for accidents to the operator when getting on and off to start the engine. The development of the system aims to increase efficiency and reduce water filling time. This study involved solar panels, batteries, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors, E18-D80NK infrared sensors, Arduino Uno R3, and others. The study results showed that this automatic system can detect water trucks and fill water efficiently. Testing was carried out with two water truck objects with a capacity of 1000 ml and 500 ml with a filling duration of 9 seconds and 5 seconds respectively. This system is also equipped with a monitoring mechanism that is displayed on the display and a full charge indicator using a buzzer. Measurements and tests showed a percentage of error in the battery component of 27% compared to the datasheet, but other elements were within the appropriate range. The effectiveness of the solar panel was tested with a peak power of 5.5 watts in sunny conditions. Battery testing for 120 minutes showed a Depth Of Discharge of 42%, maintaining good battery life. This automated system can improve operational efficiency and reduce safety risks due to manual charging. This research provides an important contribution to applying automation technology in the mining industry.</em></p> <p><em>Key words—Water Filling Efficiency; Infrared Sensor; Ultrasonic Sensor; Automatic System; Water Truck</em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><em>Abstrak </em>— Pada PT. Darma Henwa <em>site Asam-Asam Coal Project</em><em>, </em>operator unit <em>water truck</em> harus turun untuk menghidupkan <em>e</em><em>ngine</em> <em>wate</em><em>rfill</em> dalam pengisian air di tangki unit <em>Water Truck</em>, sehingga memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama juga berpotensi terjadi kecelakaan terhadap operator ketika naik-turun untuk menghidupkan <em>engine</em>. Pengembangan sistem bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi waktu pengisian air. Penelitian ini melibatkan panel surya, <em>battery</em>, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04, sensor inframerah E18-D80NK, Arduino Uno R3, dan lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem otomatis ini dapat mendeteksi <em>water truck</em> dan mengisi air dengan efisien. Pengujian dilakukan dengan dua objek <em>water truck</em> berkapasitas 1000 ml dan 500 ml dengan durasi pengisian masing-masing 9 detik dan 5 detik. Sistem ini juga dilengkapi dengan mekanisme monitoring yang ditampilkan pada <em>display</em> dan indikator pengisian penuh menggunakan <em>buzzer</em>. Pengukuran dan pengujian menunjukkan persentase kesalahan pada komponen baterai sebesar 27% dibandingkan <em>datasheet</em>, namun komponen lainnya berada dalam rentang yang sesuai. Efektivitas panel surya diuji dengan daya puncak 5,5 watt pada kondisi cerah. Pengujian baterai selama 120 menit menunjukkan <em>Depth Of Discharge</em> sebesar 42%, menjaga umur baterai dengan baik. Sistem otomatis ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan mengurangi risiko keselamatan akibat pengisian manual. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam penerapan teknologi otomatisasi di industri pertambangan.</p> <p><em>Kata kunci </em>— <em>Efisiensi Pengisian Air; Sensor Inframerah; Sensor Ultrasonik; Sistem Otomatis; Water Truck.</em></p> Rahmat Meygi Syafalaah, Nina Paramytha (Author) Copyright (c) 2024 Rahmat Meygi Syafalaah, Nina Paramytha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/56536 Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0800 Augmented Reality Pengenalan Bagian Tumbuhan untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas 4 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/46101 <p><em>Abstract - Learning will be more easily understood and understood by students or students if it is supported by using learning media. The development of increasingly advanced technology, of course, affects various sectors of human life. This development plays a role in the development of a learning media. Learning media is becoming more interesting and more concise even though it does not reduce the essence of the material. One of the developments in learning media that is currently still new is learning media using Augmented Reality. The purpose of this study was to design and build an Augmented Reality introduction to plant parts for grade 4 elementary school students and this application runs on the Android operating system. This application is made using the Multimedia Development Life Cycle method. The result of this research is the application of augmented reality to introduce plant parts. It helps students to be more interesting in getting to know plant parts through information from several objects in 3D form.</em></p> <p><em>Keywords: 3D; Android; Augmented Reality; Learning ; Multimedia Development Life Cycle.</em></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><em>Abstrak </em>— Pembelajaran akan lebih dimengerti dan dipahami oleh peserta didik atau siswa apabila didukung dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran. Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju, tentunya berpengaruh kedalam berbagai sektor kehidupan manusia. Perkembangan ini turut berperan dalam perkembangan sebuah media pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran menjadi semakin menarik dan semakin ringkas meskipun tidak mengurangi esensi dari materi. Salah satu perkembangan media pembelajaran yang saat ini masih baru adalah media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan <em>Augmented Reality</em>. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membangun <em>Augmented Reality</em> pengenalan bagian tumbuhan untuk siswa sekolah dasar kelas 4 dan aplikasi ini berjalan pada sistem operasi android. Aplikasi ini dibuat dengan metode <em>Multimedia Development Life Cycle</em>. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi <em>augmented reality</em> pengenalan bagian tumbuhan ini. siswa merasa terbantu lebih menarik untuk mengenal materi pengenalan bagian tumbuhan melalui informasi dari beberapa objek dalam bentuk 3D.</p> <p>Kata Kunci : 3D, Android, <em>Augmented Reality</em>, <em>Multimedia Development Life Cycle</em>, Pembelajaran<strong>.</strong></p> Williams Umbas, Virginia Tulenan (Author) Copyright (c) 2024 Williams Umbas, Virginia Tulenan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/46101 Mon, 12 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0800 Sistem Kontrol Dan Pemantauan Berbasis IoT untuk Kenyamanan Ternak Unggas https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/51842 <p><strong><em>Abstract — Chicken farmers usually still use conventional methods, whereas cage cleaning is still done manually at uncertain times. Even though the cleanliness of the cage itself must be done regularly so that livestock avoid diseases caused by feces in the cage, because the ammonia threshold level produced by chicken feces should not exceed 25 ppm. In terms of chicken comfort, temperature also plays an important role in the brooding period, the temperature of the cage must be really warm and range between 30°C-34°C. To maintain ammonia levels and chicken coop temperature in accordance with health standards and chicken comfort, it is necessary to implement an IoT-based chicken coop control and monitoring system. This research focuses on a system for use on broiler breeding chicken farms whose support system uses IoT. This system uses a DHT22 sensor to measure the temperature and humidity of the cage and an MQ135 sensor to detect ammonia in the air. The ESP32 microcontroller is used as a controller as well as a network communication tool for the IoT system. The chicken coop's temperature and ammonia control system is successfully designed and can be monitored using the smartphone application via an internet connection.</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords — Chicken cage; Control and Monitoring; Internet of Things; Temperature and ammonia control.</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Abstrak — </em></strong><strong>Saat ini peternak ayam biasanya masih menggunakan cara konvensional, dimana pembersihan kandang masih dilakukan secara manual pada waktu yang tidak menentu. Padahal kebersihan kandang sendiri harus dilakukan secara teratur agar ternak terhindar dari penyakit yang disebabkan kotoran dalam kandang, sebab kadar ambang batas amonia yang dihasilkan oleh kotoran ayam tidak boleh melebihi 25 ppm. Dalam hal kenyamanan ayam, suhu juga berperan penting dalam masa pembesaran atau brooding, suhu kandang harus benar-benar hangat dan berkisar antara 30°C-34°C. Untuk menjaga kadar amonia serta suhu kandang ayam sesuai dengan standar kesehatan dan kenyamaan ayam, maka perlu diterapkan sistem kontrol dan monitoring kandang ayam berbasis IoT. Penelitian ini fokus pada sistem untuk digunakan pada peternakan ayam bibit ayam broiler yang sistem pendukungnya menggunakan IoT. </strong><strong>Sistem ini menggunakan sensor DHT22 untuk mengukur suhu dan kelembapan kandang serta sensor MQ135 untuk mendeteksi amonia di udara. Adapun mikrokontroler ESP32 digunakan sebagai sebagai pengontrol sekaligus alat komunikasi jaringan untuk sistem IoT. Sistem kontrol suhu dan amonia pada kandang ayam berhasil dirancang dan dapat dipantau menggunakan aplikasi ponsel pintal melalui koneksi internet.</strong></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci — </em></strong><strong>IoT; Kandang Ayam; kontrol dan pemantauan; kontrol suhu dan amonia.</strong></p> David Christo Runtuwene, Vecky C. Poekoel , Pinrolinvic D.K. Manembu (Author) Copyright (c) 2024 David Christo Runtuwene, Vecky C. Poekoel , Pinrolinvic D.K. Manembu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/51842 Mon, 12 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0800 Analisis Pengaruh Suhu dan Angin Terhadap Daya dan Efisiensi Panel Surya 100 Wp https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/55319 <p><strong><em>Abstract — Solar radiation has a big influence on the output of photovoltaic systems. Wind speed is directly related to the PV cooling system and can also affect the performance of solar grills. This research provides the effect of temperature and wind speed on the power and efficiency of 100 Wp solar panels in Belawan. Solar radiation and wind speed have a significant influence on the performance of photovoltaic systems. High temperatures can reduce panel voltage and efficiency, while wind can help cool the panels and improve their performance. This study was carried out over five days, with the average temperature of the solar panels reaching 31.7°C. The measurement results show efficiency variations from 40.26% to 14.7% during the research period. Linear regression analysis revealed that 16.1% of the efficiency variation could be explained by changes in wind speed, with the remainder influenced by other factors such as sunlight intensity. These findings demonstrate the importance of considering environmental factors in solar panel design and installation to maximize energy efficiency.\</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: Electrical Energy, Wind Speed, Solar Panels, Temperature</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong>Abstrak — Radiasi matahari mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap keluaran sistem fotovoltaik. Kecepatan angin berhubungan langsung dengan sistem pendingin PV dan juga dapat mempengaruhi kinerja pemanggang tenaga surya. Penelitian ini memberikan pengaruh suhu dan kecepatan angin terhadap daya dan efisiensi panel surya 100 Wp di Belawan. Radiasi matahari dan kecepatan angin mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja sistem fotovoltaik. Suhu tinggi dapat mengurangi voltase dan efisiensi panel, sementara angin dapat membantu mendinginkan panel dan meningkatkan kinerjanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama lima hari, dengan suhu rata-rata panel surya mencapai 31,7°C. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan variasi efisiensi sebesar 40,26% hingga 14,7% selama periode penelitian. Analisis regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa 16,1% variasi efisiensi dapat dijelaskan oleh perubahan kecepatan angin, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain seperti intensitas sinar matahari. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya mempertimbangkan faktor lingkungan dalam desain dan pemasangan panel surya untuk memaksimalkan efisiensi energi.</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Kata Kunci : Energi Listrik, Kecepatan Angin, Panel Surya, Suhu</strong></p> Alwi Husai Siregar, Partaonan Harahap (Author) Copyright (c) 2024 Partaonan Harahap, Partaonan Harahap (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/elekdankom/article/view/55319 Fri, 30 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0800