JURNAL ENFIT : Entomologi dan Fitopatologi

Persentase Serangan dan Kerusakan Hama Penggerek Batang (Hexamitodera semivelutina Hell.) pada Tanaman Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Berdasarkan Ketinggian Tempat di Kabupaten Minahasa

2023-11-12T11:32:04+08:00

One type of plant disrupting organism that attacks clove plants is the clove stem borer. Hexamitodera semivelutina Hell. which is the main pest of clove plants in North Sulawesi. The study aimed to determine the percentage of attack and damage to clove plants from clove stem borer, H. semivelutina based on altitude in Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted using survey method. The observation location was divided into three altitude ranges from sea level, namely: altitude range 0-300 meters above sea level, altitude 301-600 meters above sea level and altitude 601-900 meters above sea level. The things observed were the percentage of H. semivelutina attack and damage to clove stems measured through the number of burrows. The results showed that the percentage of H. semivelutina infestation in Koha Village at an altitude of 0-300 m above sea level ranged from 73.30 - 93.30% with an average of 83.30%; Agotey Village 301-500 m above sea level ranged from 56.60 - 100.00% with an average of 78.30% and Eris Village 501-900 m above sea level ranged from 83.30 -100.00% with an average of 89.30%. Damage to clove stems by the pest H. semivelutina in Koha Village with an altitude of 0-300 m above sea level obtained the results of active burrows 34-46 burrows with an average of 38.25 burrows and inactive burrows 40-55 burrows with an average of 47.25 burrows; Agotey Village at 301-500 m asl, active burrows 25-49 burrows with an average of 35.00 burrows and inactive burrows 34-57 burrows with an average of 45.75 burrows; and Eris Village at 501-900 m asl, active burrows 30-49 burrows with an average of 36.25 burrows and inactive burrows 36-56 burrows with an average of 43.50 burrows.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) untuk Pengendalian Hama Gudang (Sitophilus oryzae L.) pada Beras

2023-11-12T11:39:56+08:00

Rice is the main food that affects the welfare of the Indonesian people. Rice storage is one of the important stages, because during this period it is undergoing a process of decreasing quality and quantity. The test was arranged using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, this experiment was carried out using concentrations of: P1 = 5%; P2 = 10% : P3 = 15% ; P4 = 20% ; P5 = 25%; P0 = not given treatment. The results showed that the concentration of lemongrass extract had an effect on the mortality of S. oryzae in rice. Lemongrass extract concentration 25% can cause 61.50% mortality, 20% concentration can cause 37.50% mortality, 15% concentration can cause 25.00% mortality, 10% concentration can cause 17.50% mortality, and 5% concentration can cause 10% mortality. The more concentration of lemongrass extract given, the more active compounds, the greater the effect of insect mortality. Based on the results of research and discussion of 25,00% concentration, it was effective for controlling warehouse pests on S. oryzae rice with a mortality of 61.50%.

Pemanfaatan Trichoderma sp. untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Bakteri pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2023-11-12T11:46:01+08:00

One of the main diseases in potato crops is bacterial wilt disease caused by the bacterium R. solanacearum. Control of this disease can be done by utilizing biological agents Trichoderma sp. which can symbiotic mutualism with plant roots. The role of the fungus is very important in providing auxin signals and stimulating plant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of utilizing Trichoderma sp. in suppressing the attack of bacterial wilt disease on potato plants. The research was conducted from August to October 2021 in Insil induk Village, East Passi Subdistrict, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The study used a Randomized Group Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment consisted of 30 plants, namely; A = Trichoderma sp. (50 gr/plant), 1 week before planting, B = Trichoderma sp. (50 gr/plant), at planting, C = Trichoderma sp. (50 gr/plant), 1 week after planting, D = Control, repeated 4 times. Observations of disease symptoms in the field showed that potato plants attacked by bacterial wilt disease were characterized by the upper leaves curling down or wilting, then the lower leaves were seen to change color from yellowish to brownish, then the stems were brownish, slimy, gave off a distinctive aroma and the tubers when cut looked grayish rotten and gave off mucus. The percentage of R. solanacearum bacterial wilt disease attack on potato plants was highest in treatment D at 56.66%, followed by treatment B at 51.66%, treatment A at 48.33% and treatment C at 46.66%. The results showed that Trichoderma sp. treatment given 1 week before planting, was not able to suppress bacterial wilt disease but had an effect compared to the control treatment (no Trichoderma sp. treatment).

Insidensi Penyakit Layu Bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) di Desa Insil Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow

2023-11-12T11:51:43+08:00

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one type of horticultural crop with high economic value. One of the diseases of potato plants is bacterial wilt. Bacterial wilt is caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. This study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial wilt disease on potato plants in Insil Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, which was carried out from August to October 2021, located in Insil Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency and at the Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University. The research was conducted using a survey method with purposive sampling observations. Observations were made on potato plants four weeks after planting. The research was conducted in three different planting locations. Each location measured 30 m x 30 m. In each location, plots were made with diagonal lines measuring 3 m x 3 m and 36 plants were taken from each plot. Plots were made to determine the symptoms of attack caused by R. solanacearum bacteria. The results showed that the highest incidence occurred in location C at 24.44%, followed by location B at 16.66% and the lowest incidence occurred in location A at 16.10%. The average incidence of bacterial wilt disease in potato plants in Insil Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency is in location A with an average of 8.88%, location B with an average of 7.49% and location C with an average of 14.71%. Further research is needed to determine the factors that influence the development of wilt incidence in potato plants in Insil Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency.

Pengendalian Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata L) dengan Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L)

2023-11-12T11:57:52+08:00

Golden snail (Pomacea canliculata L.) is an important pest on rice plants so that there is a decrease in rice production, golden snails can be controlled with botanical insecticides. One of the botanical insecticides that can be used to control gold snail pests is soursop leaf extract. This study aims to determine the effect of soursop leaf extract on golden snails and the optimal concentration of soursop leaf extract to control golden snails. This research was conducted in April June The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments which were repeated 4 times. Based on the results of the study after the application of soursop leaf extract on golden snails (P. canaliculata) after one day of application there were no signs of gold snail mortality, the mortality rate of golden snails occurred on the seventh day of rice which had differences in each concentration where, P1 with a concentration of 40% can cause 66,66% mortality. P2 with a concentration of 50% causes 70% mortality. P3 with a concentration of 60% caused 91,66% mortality. P4 at a concentration of 70% can cause up to 100% mortality. While P0 or controls did not experience mortality because they were not given the extract. Based on each concentration the number of mortality in each treatment isdifferent.The conclusion thatcan be drawn from this study is thatsoursop leaf extract with a concentration of 70% can kill the mortality of golden snails up to 100%.