SIMULASI BIOMASSA AKAR, BATANG, DAUN DAN BIJI JAGUNG HIBRIDA PADA BEBERAPA PERLAKUAN PEMBERIAN NITROGEN

Abstract

This study was aiming to assess growth of roots, stems, leaves and seeds of hybrid corn atdifferent application of nitrogen using a simulation model approach. The research wasconducted at the experimental garden in the village of Kakas Tountimomor Minahasa Region.The result showed that after 49 days of planting, optimum root biomass was 1050 kg / ha.Application of fertilization 92 kg/ ha produced the highest production which was 43.8 kg / ha.Field measurement showed that application of fertilization 92 kg / ha resulted steem biomass170.6 kg / ha. Simulation model revealed that stem biomass at the age of 70 HST allocated thehighest photosyntate which was 1300 kg / ha. The highest leaves biomass production wasdetected at the level of nitrogen fertilization 92 kg / ha resulting total production of 53.2 kg / ha.Optimalitation of biomass allocated to leaves until the flowering phase was 49 days afterplanting producing 3000 kg / ha. Field measurements for the highest seed biomass productionwas 54.9 kg/ha accounted by 92 kg N / ha. Simulation model of seed biomass showed thatseed filling stage was in between anthesis stage (75 HST) and physiological ripening (105HST) accounted 4500 kg/ha.

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pertumbuhan organ akar, batang, daun dan bijijagung hibrida dalam tiap-tiap perlakuan pemberian nitrogen melalui pendekatan modelsimulasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dikebun percobaan di desa Tountimomor Kecamatan KakasKabupaten Minahasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model dapat mensimulasi titikoptimum biomassa akar yaitu 1050 kg/ha pada umur tanam 49 hari setelah tanam.Pemupukan nitrogen dengan taraf 92 kg/ha menghasilkan produksi tertinggi 43.8 kg/ha. Hasilpengukuran lapang pada taraf pemupukan 92 kg N/ha menghasilkan biomassa batang 170.6kg/ha. Hasil simulasi model biomassa batang pada umur tanam 70 hst menghasilkan alokasiproporsi fotosintesis tertinggi 1300 kg/ha. Hasil produksi biomassa daun tertinggi dihasilkanpada taraf pemupukan nitrogen 92 kg/ha dengan total produksi 53.2 kg/ha. Optimalisasiproporsi biomassa yang dialokasikan ke daun sampai pada fase pembungaan yaitu 49 harisetelah tanam dengan bobot 3000 kg/ha. Hasil pengukuran lapang untuk produksi biomassabiji tertinggi 54.9 kg/ha pada taraf pemupukan 92 kg N/ha. Hasil simulasi model biomassa bijimenunjukkan bahwa setelah fase anthesis yaitu 73 hst, fase pengisian biji mulai berlangsunghingga matang fisiologis pada 105 hari setelah tanam dengan total biji 4500 kg/ha.