Evaluasi Tingkat Kenyamanan dan Teori Crowding di Area Sunbae Kawasan Megamas Manado

Abstract

The Megamas Manado area is one of the most rapidly developing commercial and recreational centers in the city of Manado. One of its main activity points is the Sunbae area, known as a semi-commercial public space with a high intensity of visitors, particularly during evening hours. This study aims to evaluate visitor comfort levels based on perceptions of crowding and the factors influencing spatial experience. The research employed a quantitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through questionnaire distribution and field observation. The results show that comfort levels in the Sunbae area are strongly influenced by social perceptions of crowding, spatial layout, and environmental quality. The study concludes that although the area provides a strong social experience, high crowding levels at certain times reduce the visitors’ functional and psychological comfort.