In Silico Analysis of Copper Chaperone in Heavy Metal Tolerant Bacteria

Yohanis Irenius Mandik — 2023-12-29

Transition metal ions, such as copper, iron, molybdenum, and cobalt, are essential in many biological processes. This is because these metals have different levels of oxidation state. Copper chaperone (CopZ) serves not only to manage copper translocation but also as an antioxidant. In this study, we conducted in silico analysis of the CopZ in a various bacteria that are tolerant to heavy metals. This study aimed to analyze the physicochemical properties and predict the structure of this protein. The alignment of the CopZ showed a conserved motif -CXXC- in all amino acid sequences aligned. CopZ of Microbacterium laevaniformans, a type of bacteria that is resistant to metals, nitrate, and low pH conditions, has been selected for structural prediction. Secondary structure analysis showed that CopZ from M. laevaniformans has 35.3%

a-helix, 35.3% b-sheet, 16.2% turn, and 13.2% coil. In addition, the instability index was 35.63, which indicated that this protein is stable. The result of this study could be an initial framework to investigate further CopZ as a drug target candidate.

Keywords in-silico; CopZ; copper chaperone; structural prediction; -CXXC- motif.

Prevention and Strategies for Avoiding Social Media Fraud: A Case of Fraud Prevention in Indonesia

Kenedi Binowo — 2023-12-29

Overcoming fraud is not solely reliant on technological tools and security measures, but it is necessary to share insights and deeper understanding from experts and experienced people for effective fraud prevention mechanisms. Until now, fraud attacks through social engineering targeting certain people have not been overcome and are still rampant. Therefore, this study aims to identify crucial factors that support online fraud prevention. This study used a qualitative approach with thematic analysis as a data analysis tool. Research data were collected from video transcripts of 14 speakers from YouTube channels in Indonesia. Findings revealed 145 codes as keywords for fraud prevention. From these codes, 7 themes (important factors) effective for use as prevention strategies against fraud were selected. These 7 factors include: Turning off the Internet Connection; uninstalling apps Outside the Apple Store and Play Store; Beware of Unknown Numbers; not Click on APK files and Suspicious Links; Backup and resetting the Smartphone Immediately; Ensure Application Permissions Only When Used; Ensure the Smartphone is Installed Antivirus and the Operating System is Updated. In conclusion, to avoid falling victim to social media-based scams, one must prevent fraud by employing wisdom and understanding. Therefore, do not easily succumb to links or ads promising substantial returns with minimal risk. With vigilance, a good understanding of social media, and the use of prudent privacy strategies, we can contribute to preventing scams that harm many people.

Keywords: social-media; fraud; YouTube channel

Proceeding of The International Conference on Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Applications, Research, and Technology

In Silico Analysis of Copper Chaperone in Heavy Metal Tolerant Bacteria

Prevention and Strategies for Avoiding Social Media Fraud: A Case of Fraud Prevention in Indonesia