KALA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA SANGIR (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

 

 This research entitled ‘Tense in English and in Sangihe language: A Contrastive Analysis’. The aims of this study are to identify and describe the tense system in English and Sangihe Language, and to analyze the differences of tense in English and in Sangihe language. The writer uses theory from Comrie (1985) which divides tense into three categories namely the absolute tense, relative tense and absolute-relative tense. Moreover, this research uses descriptive and contrastive analysis method. The data in English were collected from English grammar books and the data of Sangir language were obtained from informants in Sangihe Islands. The results that found in this study show 12 kinds of tenses in both English and Sangir language and have the similarities and differences. Kinds of tenses in English are simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous. Kinds of tenses in Sangir language are kala kini sederehana (simple present), kala sedang kini (present continuous), kala perfektif kini (present perfect), kala sedang perfektif kini (present perfect continuous), kala lampau sederhana (simple past), kala sedang lampau (past continuous), kala perfektif lampau (past perfect), kala sedang perfektif lampau (past perfect continuous), kala futur sederhana (simple future), kala sedang future (future continuous), kala perfektif futur (future perfect), dan kala sedang perfektif futur (future perfect continuous).The similarities that emerge in both languages are the kinds of tenses in English exist in Sangir language; both English and Sangir language have the same 12 tenses; English and Sangir language have the same meaning or same fungtion to explain the time of utterance. The differences that emerge in the tense systems of English and Sangir language lie in verb form of both languages. English language uses to be and auxiliary verbs which tend to confuse the speakers of Sangir language as well as the use of regular and irregular verbs in English that affect the tenses, because in Sangir language just use affixation in the verb to affect the tenses.   

Keywords: Tense, English, Sangihe Language, Contrastive Analysis