THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP, COMPETENCE AND WORK MOTIVATION IN IMPROVING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE DEPARTMENT IN SOUTHWEST PAPUA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v13i1.66852Abstract
This study analyzes the influence of leadership and competence on employee performance, with work motivation as an intervening variable at the Department of Manpower, Transmigration, Energy, and Mineral Resources of Southwest Papua Province. The study utilizes a quantitative methodology, involving 43 civil servants chosen via purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed by multiple linear regression, path analysis, and the Sobel test. The findings indicate that leadership and competence significantly affect both work motivation and employee performance. Furthermore, work motivation is proven to significantly mediate the influence of leadership and competence on employee performance. These findings underscore the necessity of enhancing leadership quality, augmenting employee competence, and fortifying work motivation to elevate employee performance within regional government agencies. The practical implication of this research provides a reference for formulating effective human resource management policies in the public sector.
References
Admas, K. (2024). The influence of leadership styles on employee motivation and job performance. International Journal of Human Resource.
Aman, A. H. (2024). The effect of leadership styles on employee motivation in Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia. Journal of Human Resource Management.
Andriyan, Y., Rajab, A. M., Hidayat, R., Muhamad, S., & Munzir, M. (2023). Eksistensi naskah akademik dalam pembentukan rancangan peraturan daerah. JPPAP: Jurnal Pemerintahan, Politik Anggaran dan Administrasi Publik, 3(1), 1–18.
Anshori, M. Y., Rasyid, R. A., & Herlambang, T. (2025). How transformational leadership, corporate culture, and intrinsic motivation shape hospitality employee performance? Journal of Theoretical and Applied Management, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v18i2.72024
Arifin, Z., & Lestari, A. (2024). Strategic approaches to boosting employee motivation and performance. Journal of Organizational Development, 15(1), 67–76.
Asry, N. K. (2023). The influence of leadership style, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance: PT Putra Soegama Group. JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi), 9(2), 226–231. https://doi.org/10.35870/jemsi.v9i2.1017
Balik, S. P., Kinder, S., Saputra, P. S. A., Taufik, M., & Munzir, M. (2024). Development of mangrove ecotourism on the economic aspects of coastal communities in the Arar Islands, Sorong Regency. Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities, 15, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.30595/pssh.v15i.950
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Transformational leadership and organizational culture. The International Journal of Public Administration, 17(3–4), 541–554.
Cano, W. A. (2024). The impact of leadership styles on employee performance in organizations. Legfin Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 14(4).
Dubey, P., Pathak, D., & Sahu, R. (2023). Discussing leadership in dynamic environments. Humanistic Management Journal, 9, 397–415.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2003). Positive emotions and upward spirals in organizational behavior.
Hassett, M. P. (2022). The effect of access to training and development opportunities on rates of work engagement within the U.S. federal workforce.
Henraman, H. (2021). Perencanaan dan strategi komunikasi pemerintah dalam menjawab tantangan ekonomi kreatif era digital di Kabupaten Nunukan.
Hidayat, R., Andriyan, Y., Munzir, M., Alfionita, E. N., Syahputra, A. Y. A., & Alting, H. (2023). Peningkatan pengetahuan tentang management event pada Persit Yonif 762 Kota Sorong. JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri), 7(6), 6417. https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v7i6.19516
Hidayat, R., Andriyan, Y., Munzir, M., Susim, R., & Rahman Inai, A. (2024). Cultural communication in Papua’s Muslim community perspective of religious moderation. International Conference on Engineering, Applied Science and Technology, 1–8.
Hidayat, R., Munzir, M., & Andriyan, Y. (2023). Analisis pemberitaan infotainment dalam perspektif jurnalis Tribun Timur. KOMMUNAL: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(1), 1–7.
Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768.
Khan, S. K., Sohail, A., & Ali, N. (2024). Leadership dynamics and organizational performance: The critical role of employee motivation in SMEs. Global Management Sciences Review, 9(2), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmsr.2024(IX-II).02
Liu, C., Cui, Y., & Nanyangwe, N. (2023). Non-linear interactions between leadership styles and HRM practices.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2004). What should we do about motivation theory? Six recommendations for the twenty-first century. Academy of Management Review, 29(3), 388–403.
Maesaroh, M., et al. (2020). Collaborative leadership in modern organizations.
Marasinghe, D., & Anusha, S. (2018). Transformational leadership in multicultural settings.
Moarbes, R. E. (2025). Organizational dynamics and employee motivation: A leadership analysis of global tech giant Google. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.33423/jop.v25i3.7982
Munzir, M., Difinubun, Y., Wulandary, A., Azisah, N., Astuti, S., & Darmayanti, I. (2024). Budgeting and control problems in Warmon Kokoda Village, Sorong Regency. Jurnal STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 10(1), 56–63.
Munzir, M., Felda Pramita, D., & Way, A. (2022). Pengaruh struktur financial indicators terhadap kondisi financial distress pada perusahaan food and beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Financial and Accounting Indonesian Research, 2(1), 46–56.
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice (8th ed.). Sage Publications.
Pam, S., Wahyudi, W., & Ruknan, R. (2025). The influence of leadership style, motivation and work environment on employee performance through job satisfaction. Indonesian Development of Economics and Administration Journal, 4(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.70001/idea.v4i1.359
Priyashantha, W., & Win, T. (2016). Contextual factors in leadership effectiveness.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54–67.
Sitospol, D. F., & Subhan. (2024). Leadership practices on employee performance with motivation and job satisfaction. Journal of Management, 3(2), 554–564.
Sokolic, D., et al. (2024). The effect of leadership styles on employee motivation and organizational performance in public sector organizations. Valahian Journal of Economic Studies, 15(1), 53–72. https://doi.org/10.2478/vjes-2024-0005
Yang, J., Wang, Y., Huang, H., et al. (2025). How can inclusive leadership motivate employee voice? A cross-level study from psychological capital and internal social capital perspective. BMC Psychology, 13, 1249. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03565-4
Yadav, N., & Sharma, S. (2024). The role of leadership styles in organizational performance and employee motivation. Journal of Research Administration, 6(2), 985–1005.
Yusoff, W. F. W., et al. (2024). Social media marketing in the promotion of incubator business programs. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(2), 623–633.
