GAMBARAN POLA KUMAN PADA PASIEN YANG DIRAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INTENSIF RSUP. PROF. DR. R. D. KANADOU MANADO PERIODE JULI 2017 - JULI 2018
Abstract
Abstract : Patients in ICU are mostly immunocompromized and are monitored invasively so they are very susceptible to infection. Infections that occur in healthcare services are called nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infection is an infections that acquired in hospital or healthcare service units that first appear 48 hours or more after hospital admission or within30 days after patient is discharge from patient care. The incidence of nososcomial insfections in ICU is higher than in other inpatient units, which is around 75%. Several studies on microbial patterns in hospital that have been reported indicate changes in microbe pattern. Aims : To determinate the description of microbial patterns and antibiotic sensitivity in ICU patients at R. D. Kandou General Hospital Education, Manado for the period of July 2017 – July 2018. Methods : This study was conducted in a retrospective descriptive design. Data is collected from secondary data of patient’s medical record. Results : Based on the research, there were 16 types of microbes. Most of the microbes are Acinetobacter baumanii  (26%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%) Eschericia coli (12%), Streptococcus viridans (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%). Data from antbiotic sensitivity test results did not provide significant results.Conclusion : The most commonly found microbes which derived from gram negative bacteria was Acinetobacter baumanii with antibiotic sensitivity test data did not provide significant results.
Key words : antibiotic sensitivity, ICU, microbial pattern, , nosocomial infections.
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Abstrak : Pasien-pasien yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif kebanyakan merupakan pasien imunokompromais dan dimonitor dengan cara invasif sehingga sangat rentan terhadap infeksi. Infeksi yang terjadi di pelayanan kesehatan disebut infeksi nosokomial. Infeksi nosokomial adalah infeksi yang didapat setelah 48 jam pasien mendapatkan tindakan perawatan di pelayanan kesehatan dan ≤ 30 hari setelah pasien pulang ke rumah. Angka kejadian infeksi nosokomial di ruang rawat intensif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ruang rawat lain yaitu sekitar 75%. Beberapa penelitian tentang pola kuman di rumah sakit yang sudah dilakukan menunjukkan terjadi perubahan pola kuman. Tujuan :  Mengetahui gambaran pola kuman dan sensitivitas antibiotik pada pasien yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juli 2017 –Juli 2018. Metode :  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain deskriptif-retrospektif. Data berasal dari data sekunder yaitu rekam medis pasien. Hasil : Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan ada 16 jenis kuman. Kuman terbanyak yaitu Acinetobacter baumanii (26%), diikuti Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%) Eschericia coli (12%), Streptococcus viridans (8%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%). Data hasil uji sensitivitas antibiotik tidak memberikan hasil yang bermakna. Kesimpulan : Kuman yang paling banyak ditemukan berasal dari bakteri gram negatif yaitu Acinetobacter baumanii dengan data uji sensitivitas antibiotik tidak memberikan hasil yang bermakna.
Kata kunci : infeksi nosokmial,  pola kuman, ruang rawat intensif, sensitivitas antibiotik
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