MEDICAL REHABILITATION IN PATIENT WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is genetic disorder characterized by physical delay development and intellectual disorder (due to abnormality chromosome 21). In turn, World Health Organization estimates for DS range between 10 to 11 in 10,000 live births worldwide. According to the Indonesian Down Syndrome Association (ISDI), data on people with down syndrome in Indonesia up to January 2011 reached around 350,000 cases and constituted 15% of the total cases of world down syndrome. In this case report is about rehabilitation a child with Down syndrome treated at the Medical Rehabilitation Prof. R.D Kandou hospital Manado. In this case, the problem experienced by patients is the problem of developmental delay, hypotonia and speeech.Management in physical medicine and rehabilitation for children with down syndrome includes management of cognition, communication, motor, emotional and social development and parenting. The short-term goal has been achieved, but therapy for this patient is still on going with a number of planning therapies to achieve long-term goals.
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Key words: Chromosome, down syndrome, rehabilitation.
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ABSTRAK: Down sindrom (DS) atau trisomy 21 adalah kelainan genetik yang ditandai dengan keterlambatan perkembangan fisik dan gangguan intelektual ( karena abnormalitas kromosom 21 ).Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia memperkirakan kisaran DS antara 10 hingga 11 dalam 10.000 kelahiran hidup di seluruh dunia. Menurut Indonesian Down Syndrome Association (ISDI), Data penderita down syndrome di Indonesia hingga Januari 2011 mencapai sekitar 350.000 kasus dan merupakan 15% dari total kasus down syndrome dunia. Case report ini membahas tentang rehabilitasi anak down syndrome yang dirawat di Rehabilitasi Medik RS Prof. R.D Kandou Manado. Dalam hal ini masalah yang dialami pasien adalah masalah keterlambatan perkembangan, hipotonia dan bicara. Penatalaksanaan di bidang kedokteran fisik dan rehabilitasi anak down syndrome meliputi pengelolaan kognisi, komunikasi, motorik, perkembangan emosi dan sosial serta pola asuh. Tujuan jangka pendek telah tercapai, namun terapi untuk pasien ini masih berjalan dengan beberapa terapi perencanaan untuk mencapai tujuan jangka panjang.
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Kata kunci: Down syndrome, kromosom, rehabilitasi.
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