REHABILITASI MEDIK PADA ANAK DENGAN ASMA BRONKIAL
Abstract
Asma adalah penyakit saluran respiratori dengan dasar inflamasi kronik yang mengakibatkan obstruksi dan hiperreaktivitas saluran respiratori dengan derajat bervariasi. Prevalensi asma meningkat dari waktu ke waktu baik di negara maju maupun negara sedang berkembang. pada hampir separuh penderita asma, gejala mulai muncul selama masa kanak-kanak.1
              Patogenesis inflamasi saluran respiratori pada asma, diawali dengan mekanisme imunologis inflamasi saluran respiratologi, adanya reaksi fase awal dan fase lambat pada inflamasi akut dan kronis, inflamasi alergi dan remodeling saluran respiratologi. Patofisiologi asma sendiri terdiri dari onstruksi saluran respiratologi yang mendasari gangguan fungsi dan hiperreaktivitas saluran respiratori yang berhubungan dengan perubahan otot polos saluran respiratori yang menyebabkan perubahan kontraktilitas.1,3
Tatalaksana asma pada anak terdiri dari medikamentosa dan non medikamentosa. Salah satu tatalaksana dari non medikamentosa yaitu Rehabilitasi paru yang dapat diberikan pada serangan asma akut dan kondisi asma tanpa eksaserbasi. Menurut The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Rehabilitasi paru direkomendasikan untuk pasien dengan penyakit paru-paru kronis dengan penurunan kapasitas aerobik dan kekuatan otot.4,6
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