GAMBARAN KUALITAS UDARA AMBIEN SULFUR DIOKSIDA DI KECAMATAN TUMINTING KOTA MANADO TAHUN 2018

Abstract

Kematian akibat polusi udara mencapai 90% berada di negara-negara dengan pendapatan rendah khususnya kawasan asia. Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2016 korban tewas karena polusi udara mencapai 61 ribu orang terjadi di Indonesia. Kota-kota besar di Indonesia seperti Manado termasuk dalam kategori sedang untuk indeks pencemaran udara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui kualitas udara ambien sulfur dioksida di Kecamatan Tuminting. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tuminting pada lima titik pengambilan sampel yaitu pasar Tuminting, Sumompo, Sindulang, Maasing dan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan. Pengukuran sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektofotometer berdasarkan acuan SNI 19-7119.7-2017 mengenai uji kadar sulfur dioksida (SO2) dengan metode Pararosanilin. Pengukuran dilakukan tiga kali pada rentang waktu antara pukul 10.00-14.00. Konsentrasi SO2 di kecamatan Tuminting tahun 2018 adalah 14,59- 34,31 μg/Nm3 sehingga masih tergolong baik. Keadaan ini diakibatkan karena masih adanya pepohonan hijau di wilayah Kecamatan Tuminting yang berfungsi menyerap polutan dan adanya jalan boulevard baru yang menghubungkan wilayah di Kecamatan Tuminting dan sekitarnya sehingga mengurangi penumpukan kendaraan dititik tertentu yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan polutan SO2 di udara. Saran yang dapat diberikan berdasarkan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan promosi kesehatan terkait penggunaan pelindung bagi pengendara sepeda motor, melakukan perawatan mesin kendaraan dan uji emisi dan memperluas wilayah untuk pemantauan kualitas udara.

Kata Kunci: Kualitas udara ambien, sulfur dioksida, Manado

ABSTRACT
Death due to air pollution has reached 90% found in low-income countries, take place in Asia region on particular. According to 2016 data of World Health Organization (WHO), the amount of deaths caused by air pollution reached over 61 thousand people happened in Indonesia. Major cities in Indonesia such as Manado, is included in the medium category of air pollution index. The aim of this research is to find the ambient air quality of sulfur dioxide in Tuminting sub-district. This study uses descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. The research is conducted in Tuminting sub-district, at five markets sampling points which are Tuminting, Sumompo, Sindulang, Maasing and the fish auction. The measurement of the sample are done using a spectrophotometer based on the reference of SNI 19-7119.7-2017 regarding the test of SO2 levels with the Pararosaniline method. The measurement made three times at range of time in between 10.00 – 14.00.
The concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Tuminting sub-district in 2018 are 14.59-34.31 μg / Nm3 so that it is still classified as good. This situation is caused due to still have the existence of green trees in Tuminting sub-district, which function to infiltrate pollutants and the new access of Boulevard Road that connects with Tuminting sub-district area and its around, so as to reduce the accumulation of vehicle in at a specific point which can cause an increase of SO2 pollutants in the air. The idea of suggestion that can be given based on this research is to undertake by making health promotion related to the use of protective gear for motorcyclist, maintenance of vehicle engine and emissions test, and expand the area for air quality monitoring.

Key word: Ambient air quality, Sulfur dioxide, Manado