HUBUNGAN ANTARA BERAT BADAN LAHIR ANAK DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK BATITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SONDER KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Abstract

Menurut WHO (2010), masalah kesehatan masyarakat dianggap berat bila prevalensi pendek sebesar 30 – 39% dan serius bila prevalensi pendek ≥40%. Faktor utama penyebab stunting yaitu asupan makanan yang tidak seimbang, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) dan penyakit infeksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara berat badan lahir anak dengan kejadian stunting pada anak umur 13-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sonder Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian penelitian survei analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sonder Kabupaten Minahasa selama bulan Juni-Juli 2017. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak usia 13-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sonder Kabupaten Minahasa yang berjumlah 430 anak. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 82 responden dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti adalah Berat badan lahir rendah dan stunting. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square (CI=95%, α=0,05). Terdapat sebanyak 13,4% batita memiliki berat badan lahir rendah dan 86,6% batita memiliki berat badan lahir normal. Terdapat sebanyak 50% batita lahir dengan panjang <48 cm, 39% batita lahir dengan panjang normal. Terdapat sebanyak 47,6% batita yang berstatus stunting dan sebanyak 52,4% berstatus tidak stunting. Hasil uji statistik antara BBLR dan stunting menunjukkan nilai p = 0,411 (p > 0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara berat badan lahir dengan stunting pada batita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sonder Kabupaten Minahasa.

Kata kunci : Berat Badan Lahir, stunting, batita

ABSTRACT
According to the WHO (2010), public health problems are considered severe when the prevalence of short of 30 – 39% and serious when the prevalence of short ≥ 40%. The main causes of stunting factor i.e. the unbalanced food intake, low birth weight (LBW) and infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between child's birth weight with stunting events in children aged 13-36 months in the working area of Sonder Public Health Center District of Minahasa. This research is an analytic survey research research with cross sectional research design. This research was conducted in the working area of Sonder Public Health Center District of Minahasa. during the month of June-August 2017. The population in this study were all children under three years old in the work area of Sonder Public Health Center District of Minahasa., amounting to 430 children. The sample in this research is as much as 82 respondents by using purposive sampling technique. The variables examined are low birth weight and stunting. Analysis using chi square test bivariat (CI = 95%, α = 0.05). There is as much as 13.4% the toddler had a low birth weight and 86.6% of the toddler had a normal birth weight. There are as many as 50% of the toddler born with a length of <48 cm, 39% the toddler born with normal length. here is as much as 47.6% stunting and the toddler who is as much a 52.4% status not stunting. The results of statistical tests between low birth weight and stunting shows value of p = 0.411 (p > 0.05). There is no relationship between child weight born by stunting on the toddler in the working area Sonder Public Health Center District of Minahasa.

Key words: birth weight, stunting, children under three years old