Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik terhadap Neonatus dengan Hiperbilirubinemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v5i2.45410Abstract
Abstract: Hyperbilirubinemia is a medical condition that is often found in the first week of neonates. The usual treatment for hyperbilirubinemia is phototherapy, however, many studies revealed probiotics as another form of treatment. Probiotics are live microorganisms that have similarities to the normal intestinal flora. They are believed to reduce enterohepatic cycle activity which can reduce serum bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotics on neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This was a literature review study using three different databases, namely Pubmed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalKey. The results obtained 10 literatures carried out from related inclusion and exclusion selections. After reviewing the ten literatures, it was found that the most widely used probiotic genus was Lactobacillus where the strain that had the greatest influence was Lactobacillus reuteri. Six out of ten literatures stated that probiotics had significant effect as a treatment for neonates with hyperbilirubinemia due to their capability to reduce the total serum bilirubin. In conclusion, probiotics may affect the treatment of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
Keywords: probiotics; hyperbilirubinemia; neonates
Abstrak: Hiperbilirubinemia merupakan salah satu kondisi medis yang sering dijumpai pada seminggu pertama pada neonatus. Pengobatan yang biasa diberikan pada hiperbilirubinemia ialah fototerapi, namun saat ini telah banyak penelitian mengenai probiotik sebagai bentuk pengobatan lainnya. Probiotik merupakan mikroorganisme hidup yang memiliki kesamaan dengan flora normal usus dan dipercaya dapat menurunkan aktivitas siklus enterohepatik dan selanjutnya bilirubin serum pada neonatus yang mengalami hiperbilirubinemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik pada neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia. Jenis penelitian ialaah suatu literature review berdasarkan pencarian melalui tiga database yaitu Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan ClinicalKey. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 literatur yang telah dilakukan seleksi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi terkait. Dari 10 jurnal yang telah diulas, didapatkan bahwa genus probiotik yang paling banyak digunakan ialah Lactobacillus, dan strain yang memiliki pengaruh terbesar yaitu Lactobacillus reuteri. Enam dari 10 literatur menyatakan bahwa pemberian probiotik dapat berpengaruh bermakna sebagai pengobatan neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia karena probiotik dapat membantu menurunkan nilai total serum bilirirubin. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah probiotik dapat memengaruhi pengobatan neonatus dengan hiperbilirubinemia.
Kata kunci: probiotik; hiperbilirubinemia; neonatus
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