Profil Gangguan Pendengaran Berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Audiometri di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok dan Bedah Kepala Leher RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v7i1.53643Abstract
Abstract: Hearing loss is a person's inability to hear sound in one or both ears in either part of the auditory system or the whole. Hearing loss can occur in all age groups due to organ structure damage or certain medical conditions. This study aimed to obtain the profile of outpatiens’ hearing loss based on audiometry examination at Installation of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The results showed that there were 207 patients with hearing loss based on audiometry examination. The highest number of cases was in 2022 (59%). Hearing loss was more frequently experienced by males (55%), and occured at the age of 20-60 years (57%). Symptoms that arised in hearing loss patients include decreased hearing, ear pain, difficulty in communicating, and tinnitus. The most common type of hearing loss was conductive hearing loss (CHL) (43.6%). In conclusion, hearing loss is often experienced by male patients, and occurs at the age of 20-60 years. The most common causes of hearing loss are untreated wax buildup in the ear canal and exposure to high-intensity noise. Using audiometric examination can determine advanced management according to the type of hearing loss.
Keywords: hearing process; hearing loss; audiometry
Abstrak: Gangguan pendengaran merupakan ketidakmampuan seseorang untuk mendengarkan suara pada salah satu atau kedua telinga baik pada sebagian sistem pendengaran atau keseluruhan. Gangguan pendengaran dapat terjadi pada semua kelompok usia, akibat kerusakan struktur organ atau kondisi medis tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil gangguan pendengaran berdasarkan pemeriksaan audiometri di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok dan Bedah Kepala Leher RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou tahun 2020-2022. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sampel 207 penderita gangguan pendengaran yang dilakukan pemeriksaan audiometri. Penderita terbanyak pada tahun 2022 (59%). Gangguan pendengaran lebih sering dialami oleh laki-laki dengan total 114 kasus (55%), dan terjadi pada usia 20-60 tahun sebanyak 117 kasus (57%). Gejala yang sering timbul pada penderita gangguan pendengaran antara lain penurunan pendengaran, nyeri telinga, sulit berkomunikasi, dan telinga berdenging. Jenis gangguan pendengaran tersering yaitu conductive hearing loss (CHL) (43,6%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah gangguan pendengaran sering dialami oleh laki-laki dan terjadi pada usia 20-60 tahun. Penyebab tersering gangguan pendengaran yaitu penumpukan serumen pada saluran telinga dan paparan dari kebisingan intensitas tinggi. Dengan pemeriksaan audiometri maka dapat ditentukan manajemen lanjutan sesuai jenis gangguan pendengaran.
Kata kunci: proses mendengar; gangguan pendengaran; audiometri
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