Pengaruh Pajanan Sinar Matahari terhadap Penuaan Kulit Wajah Berdasarkan Penilaian Skin Analyzer pada Perempuan Minahasa di Sulawesi Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v8i1.66243Keywords:
penuaan kulit; skin analyzer; pajanan sinar matahariAbstract
Abstract: Sun exposure is considered the predominant extrinsic contributor to skin aging. This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design involving 177 Minahasan women aged 30-69 years residing in Manado City, Tomohon City, and Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Participants were categorized into low sun exposure group (≤2 hours per day; n = 82) and high sun exposure group (≥5 hours per day; n = 95), based on the average daily exposure over the past ten years. Demographic data and sun exposure status were obtained through interviews and structured questionnaires. Facial skin aging was assessed using a skin analyzer, evaluating pores, wrinkles, pigmentation, and facial sebum. The results demonstrated that, overall, participants with high sun exposure had higher scores for pores, wrinkles, pigmentation, and U-area sebum than those with low sun exposure (all p<0.001), whereas no significant difference was observed in the T-area sebum (p=0.075). Age-stratified analysis showed consistent differences for wrinkles and U-area sebum across all age groups, while differences in pores and pigmentation were more pronounced in younger age groups. In conclusion, sun exposure contributes to facial skin aging and underscore the importance of photoprotection as a preventive strategy.
Keywords: skin aging; skin analyzer; sun exposure
Abstrak: Pajanan sinar matahari merupakan faktor ekstrinsik utama yang berkontribusi pada penuaan kulit. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang yang melibatkan 177 perempuan suku Minahasa berusia 30-69 tahun yang berdomisili di Kota Manado, Kota Tomohon, dan Kabupaten Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara. Subjek dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok pajanan rendah (≤ 2 jam per hari; n = 82) dan kelompok pajanan tinggi (≥ 5 jam per hari; n = 95), berdasarkan rerata pajanan harian selama 10 tahun terakhir. Data demografik dan status pajanan sinar matahari diperoleh melalui wawancara dan kuesioner terstruktur. Penuaan kulit wajah dinilai menggunakan skin analyzer dengan parameter pori, kerutan, pigmentasi, dan sebum wajah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, subjek dengan pajanan tinggi sinar matahari memiliki skor pori, kerutan, pigmentasi, dan sebum area-U yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan subjek dengan pajanan rendah (seluruhnya p<0,001), sedangkan pada sebum area-T tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna (p=0,075). Analisis berdasarkan kelompok usia memperlihatkan bahwa perbedaan pada komponen kerutan dan sebum area-U konsisten ditemukan di semua kelompok usia, sedangkan perbedaan pada komponen pori dan pigmentasi lebih menonjol pada kelompok usia yang lebih muda. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pajanan sinar matahari berkontribusi terhadap penuaan kulit wajah dan menegaskan pentingnya fotoproteksi sebagai strategi pencegahan.
Kata kunci: penuaan kulit; skin analyzer; pajanan sinar matahari
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