Identifikasi Pola Bakteri Aerob dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik di Ruang Rawat Inap Obstetri Ginekologi dan Neonati RSIA Kirana Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/s1ntkm21Keywords:
bakteri aerob; sensitivitas antibiotik; infeksi nosokomialAbstract
Abstract: Bacteria in healthcare facilities are one of the potential causes of nosocomial infections, which can increase the severity of disease and the level of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to identify the patterns of aerobic bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity in the obstetrics-gynaecology (obsgyn) and neonatology inpatient rooms at RSIA Kirana Manado. This was an observational descriptive study using a cross-sectional design. The results showed that 90% of samples grew on Nutrient Agar, while 5% grew on Mac Conkey Agar. Identified bacteria were, as follows: Staphylococcus aureus (30%), Bacillus sp. (30%), and Proteus mirabilis (10%) in obsgyn room; and Staphylococcus aureus (40%), Streptococcus sp. (10%), Staphylococcus sp. (20%), and Bacillus sp. (30%) in neonatology room. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp., and Bacillus sp. showed sensitivity to gentamicin, meropenem, and ampicillin. All identified bacteria demonstrated resistance to aztreonam. In conclusion, identified aerobic bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Streptococcus sp., and Proteus mirabilis. All identified bacteria are resistant to aztreonam. Gentamicin, meropenem, and ampicillin are effective against identified bacteria, indicating that these antibiotics can be the suitable drug of choice for nosocomial infection in obstetrics-gynaecology and neonatology inpatient rooms at RSIA Kirana Manado.
Keywords: aerobic bacteria; antibiotic sensitivity; nosocomial infection
Abstrak: Bakteri di lingkungan fasilitas kesehatan merupakan salah satu potensi terjadinya infeksi nosokomial yang dapat meningkatkan keparahan penyakit dan tingkat resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola bakteri aerob dan kepekaan antibiotiknya di ruang rawat inap obstetri dan ginekologi (Obsgyn) serta neonatologi di RSIA Kirana Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 90% sampel menunjukkan pertumbuhan pada Nutrient Agar, sementara 5% tumbuh pada Mac Conkey Agar. Bakteri yang diidentifikasi ialah: di ruang Obsgyn, Staphylococcus aureus (30%), Bacillus sp., dan Proteus mirabilis (10%); ruang neonatologi, Staphylococcus Aureus (40%), Streptococcus sp. (10%), Staphylococcus sp. (20%), dan Bacillus sp. (30%). Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus sp., dan Bacillus sp. menunjukkan sensitivitas terhadap gentamicin, meropenem, dan ampicillin. Semua bakteri yang diidentifikasi menunjukkan resistensi terhadap aztreonam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah teridentifikasi bakteri aerob Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Streptococcus sp., dan Proteus mirabilis. Seluruh bakteri yang teridentifikasi telah resisten terhadap aztreonam. Antibiotik gentamicin, meropenem, dan ampicillin umumnya efektif terhadap bakteri yang teridentifikasi, yang menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik tersebut dapat menjadi pilihan pengobatan yang sesuai untuk infeksi nosokomial di kedua ruang rawat inap obstetri dan ginekologi serta neonatologi di RSIA Kirana Manado.
Kata kunci: bakteri aerob; sensitivitas antibiotik; infeksi nosokomial
References
1. Suryani Y. Fisiologi Mikroorganisme. Bandung: Gunung Djati Publishing; 2022.
2. Elmadany MS, Rares FES, Homenta H. Identifikasi pola bakteri dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik di kamar bersalin Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Medical Scope Journal. 2025;7(1):149-54. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v7i1.55297
3. Emelda A, Yuliana D, Maulana A, Kurniawati T, Yumnal Utamil W, Novianti L. Gambaran penggunaan antibiotik pada masyarakat di Pasar Niaga Daya Makassar. Indonesian Journal of Community Dedication. 2023;5(1):13-7. Available from: https://jurnal.stikesnh.ac.id/index.php/community/article/view/1007/742
4. Tarmizi SN. Konsumsi antibiotik sesuai indikasi medis. Kemenkes. August 7, 2024. Cited Aug 8, 2025. Available from: https://kemkes.go.id/id/konsumsi-antibiotik-wajib-sesuai-indikasi-medis
5. Homenta H, Saharman YR, Kuntaman K. Molecular characterization of clinical carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from two tertiary care hospitals in Indonesia. Res J Pharm Technol. 2022;15(7):2917–22. Doi: https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00486
6. Anggraini D, Santosaningsih D, Saharman YR, Endraswari PD. Distribution of carbapenemase genes among carbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumanii blood isolates in Indonesia: A multicenter study. Antibiotics. 2022;11(3):1–13. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030366
7. Homenta H, Esther F, Rares S, Waworuntu OA, Matandung LF, Sandjaya SF, et al. The molecular detection of blaVIM in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex infections in Indonesia. Res J Pharm Technol. 2024;17(10):5031–5. Doi: https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00773
8. Homenta H, Julyadharma J, Susianti H, Noorhamdani N, Santosaningsih D. Molecular epidemiology of clinical carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates in tertiary care hospitals in Java and Sulawesi Islands, Indonesia. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022;7(10):1–12. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7100277
9. Jorgensen JH, Ferraro MJ. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: a review of general principles and contemporary practices. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(11):1749-55. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/647952
10. Nair V, Suryaprakash D, Gopinathan S, Bhanot N, Bhatia M, Ramaswami K, et al. Point prevalence & risk factor assessment for hospital-acquired infections in a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India. Indian J Med Res. 2017;145(6):824–32. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1167_15
11. Nasiri N, Gholipour S, Akbari H, Koolivand A, Abtahi H, Didehdar M, et al. Contamination of obsterics and gynecology hospital air by bacterial and fungal aerosols associated with nosocomial infections. J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021;19(1):663-70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-021-00637-6
12. Magori EO, Kang’ethe SK, Muna KK, Revathi G, Omuse G. Bacteria contamination and distribution in patient care environment at Mbagathi Hospital Surgical and New-born Units. Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 2021;8(3):A69-74. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3031
13. Saleh M, Rares FES, Soeliongan S. Pola bakteri aerob penyebab infeksi nosokomial pada ruangan Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Manado. eBiomedik. 2015;3(1):236-40. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v3i1.6842
14. Okike IO, Johnson AP, Henderson KL, Blackburn RM, Muller-Pebody B, Ladhani SN, et al. Incidence, etiology, and outcome of bacterial meningitis in infants aged <90 days in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland: prospective, enhanced, national population-based surveillance. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(10):e150-e157. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu514.
15. Phan H, Lehman D. Cerebral abscess complicating Proteus mirabilis meningitis in a newborn infant. J Child Neurol. 2012;27(3):405-7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073811422271
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jingga F. Wulandari, Velma Buntuan, Heriyannis Homenta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
