https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/issue/feedPHARMACON2024-12-09T08:17:21+08:00Yuanita Amalia Hariyanto, S.Si., M.Si.yuanita.ah@unsrat.ac.idOpen Journal Systems<hr /> <table class="data" style="height: 252px;" width="798" bgcolor="#f0f0f0"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="justify"> <p>Journal title <strong> Pharmacon</strong></p> <p>Initials <strong> PHA</strong></p> <p>Abbreviation<strong> PHA</strong></p> <p>Frequency <strong>3 issues per year </strong></p> <p>ISSN <a href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1579746176" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>E-ISSN: 2721-4923</strong></a></p> <p>Editor in chief <strong>Yuanita Amalia Hariyanto</strong></p> <p>Publisher <strong>Universitas Sam Ratulangi</strong></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>Pharmacon</strong> is the journal published by Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia (<a title="P-ISSN: 2302-2493 E-ISSN: 2721-4923" href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1579746176" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>P-ISSN: 2302-2493</strong> <strong>E-ISSN: 2721-4923</strong></a>). Pharmacon was established in 2012 and published three times a year (February, June, and October).</p> <p>Pharmacon is an open access journal and has been indexed by main indexing <strong><a style="opacity: 1;" href="https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F4yoOh69lFNWZeV-esTcAn8UlBqNZxXeFZXJn-gUphjDxn4bBh0dvPu-iMsg5_0yqDgdkXvZPBcy81MHLiMNvhvuaSHwg&user=fDg43-EAAAAJ" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google Scholar</a></strong>, <strong><a style="opacity: 1;" href="http://garuda.ristekbrin.go.id/journal/view/1015" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GARUDA</a></strong>, <strong><a href="https://search.crossref.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Crossref</a></strong>.</p> <p>The editorial board welcomes original contributions of the author which never been published or under consideration for publication in any other publication. submission the journal should normally follow the <a title="PHA template" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1k_4fuD_X7JFboBKODObWs5Vj6EX0ir3f/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=112625608935874045153&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>PHA template.</strong></a></p> <hr />https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/52574EVALUATION OF PINEAPPLE PEEL ETHANOL EXTRACT CAPSULES AS A NATURAL IMMUNOMODULATOR2024-05-05T13:39:16+08:00Vina Purnamasari Mvina.purnamasari@umi.ac.id<p><em>Immunomodulators are drugs that can modify immune responses and stimulate natural defense mechanisms. Natural immunomodulator preparations are an alternative solution to using synthetic immunomodulators, because they are safer and have minimal side effects. The immunomodulatory in this research was made from underutilized pineapple skin. This research is focused on finding out the best formulation with varying concentrations of starch as a filler for immunomodulatory preparations from pineapple peel ethanol extract. Research methods include: pineapple peel preparation, extraction of secondary metabolite compounds from pineapple peel with ethanol solvent, phytochemical testing, capsule preparation formulation, and evaluation. Evaluation of capsule preparations: weight uniformity test, disintegration time test, flow velocity test, angle of repose test, and moisture content test. Phytochemical test results show that pineapple peel ethanol extract contains terpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and tannins which have potential as immunomodulators. Formulation 1 has test results for angle of response, flow time, stable humidity, uniform weight, and does not break easily. Therefore, formulation 1 (starch 59.58 mg) is the best natural immunomodulator preparation from pineapple peel.</em></p>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Vina Purnamasari Mhttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55114Antioxidant Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Sarcophyton sp. Obtained at Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency2024-05-05T13:31:18+08:00Berlian Tasya Tumundotasyatumundo8@gmail.comAdithya Yudistiraadithyayudistira@gmail.comErladys Melindah RumondorErladys19@unsrat.ac.id<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><em>Sarcophyton</em> sp. contain bioactive compounds that are efficacious as antioxidants. The purpose of this research is to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract produced by <em>Sarcophyton sp. </em>By extraction using maceration method with 95% ethanol solvent and testing using DPPH (<em>1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl</em>) method. The results of data analysis of % inhibition obtained were 47.09% (20 ppm), 54.8% (40 ppm), 56.7% (60 ppm), 60.6% (80 ppm) and 62.4% (100 ppm). The ethanol extract of <em>Sarcophyton</em> sp. obtained from Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency has the highest antioxidant activity at a concentration of 100 ppm which is 62.4%..</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Berlian Tasya Tumundo, Adithya Yudistira, Erladys Melindah Rumondorhttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55211Investigating the antibacterial activity of sponge extract Callyspongia aerizusa from the waters of Parentek Beach, Lembone East District, Minahasa Regency2024-12-09T07:01:50+08:00Christania Sigarlakichristaniasigarlaki105@student.unsrat.ac.idDefny Silvia Wewengkangwdefny@yahoo.comGerald Edward Rundengangeraldrundengan@gmail.com<p><em>Callyspongia aerizusa</em> is one type of sponge that grows in the waters of Indonesia, like sponges in general, this species has a porous body and a hard surface like stone. In addition, <em>C. aerizusa</em> can also absorb oxygen from water through the diffusion process. This study aims to determine whether there is antibacterial activity of <em>C. aerizusa</em> sponge extract from Parentek Beach Waters, East Lembean District, Minahasa Regency. This study uses the agar diffusion method (Kirby Bauer diffusion dics) and will see the inhibition zone that will be generated based on its category. Based on the results of the research<em>, C. aerizusa</em> sponge extract has a diameter of inhibition zone produced, namely on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> bacteria 8 mm in a concentration of 250 ug and for <em>Eschericia coli</em> bacteria it has no inhibition zone produced</p>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Christania Sigarlaki, Defny Silvia Wewengkang, Gerald Edward Rundenganhttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55265Assessment of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract from Callyspongia arizusa Obtained from Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency2024-12-09T07:12:42+08:00Miracle Cristia Meyfi Bambulumeyfibambulu@gmail.comAdithya Yudistiraadithyayudistira@gmail.comErladys Melindah Rumondorerladys19@unsrat.ac.id<p><em>Callyspongia aerizusa is one of the sponges that has compounds with high activity and has a porous body surface structure so that it is included in the phylum porifera. Antioxidants are compounds that work by binding free radicals so that they can inhibit oxidation reactions. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of Callyspongia aerizusa. This research is a laboratory experiment by testing the ethanol extract of Callyspongia aerizusa using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The results of data analysis of % inhibition were 48.9% (100 ppm), 51.09% (120 ppm), 51.32% (140 ppm), 52.00% (160 ppm), and 53.73% (180 ppm). The highest antioxidant activity was achieved at a concentration of 180 ppm with a percent inhibition of 53.73%. This shows that the sample of Callyspongia aerizusa obtained from Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency has antioxidant activity</em></p>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Miracle Cristia Meyfi Bambulu, Adithya Yudistira, Erladys Melindah Rumondorhttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55294Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract from Phyllospongia lamellosa Obtained in Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency2024-12-09T07:31:18+08:00Karunia Ritje Virginia Rintjapriarintjap@gmail.comAdithya Yudistiraadithyayudistira@gmail.comYuanita Amalia Hariyantoyuanita.ah@unsrat.ac.id<p>Sponges are one of the components of coral reef biota that are quite widespread. Almost 75% of the sponge species found in the waters are classes of <em>Demospongiae</em>. Asymmetrical in shape, <em>demospongiae </em>grow in various sizes from small to more than 2 meters. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of <em>Phyllospongia lamellosa</em> obtained using DPPH method. The results of data analysis of % inhibition values are 20 ppm concentration (41.80%), 40 ppm concentration (43.78%), 60 ppm concentration (46.65%), 80 ppm concentration (47.25%), 100 ppm concentration (48.42%). This shows that the <em>Phyllospongia lamellosa</em> sponge sample obtained from Parentek Beach, Minahasa Regency has antioxidant effectiveness but is not active because the highest percent inhibition value at a concentration of 100 ppm is only 48.42%.</p>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Karunia Ritje Virginia Rintjap, Adithya Yudistira, Yuanita Amalia Hariyantohttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55524Antibacterial Efficay Test of Ethanol Extract of Yaki Areca Nut (Areca vestiaria) Against the Growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the Cause of Acne.2024-12-09T07:27:55+08:00Daniel Pabundudpabundu@gmail.comHerny Simbalahsimbala@yahoo.co.idYuanita Amalia Hariyantoyuanita.ah@unsrat.ac.id<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><em>A bacterial skin infection that is often experienced by everyone, especially in adolescence, is acne(Acne vulgaris). Acne is caused by the accumulation of excess oil in the skin, thus becoming a medium for bacterial growth, which causes acne. The use of natural antibiotics can be a therapeutic option in the treatment of acne. One of the plants that potentially has antbacterial activity is Pinang Yaki (Areca vestiaria). The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of areca nut fruit against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes that causes acne. The test of antibacterial activity of areca nut extract with the pitting method found that at a concentration of 10% the antibacterial activity was included in the weak group, 20% was included in the medium group, while those included in the strong group in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes were extracts with concentrations of 40%, 60% and 80%..</em></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Daniel Pabundu, Herny Simbala, Yuanita Hariyantohttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55953Phytochemical Screening and Determination of Content Total Flavonoids Of Ethyl Acetate Extract Of Matoa Leaves Using UV-VIS Spectrophotometry2024-07-02T06:11:21+08:00Ricka islamiyatiislamiyatirika@gmail.com<p>E<em>xcessive amounts of free radicals will cause pathological effects that result in degenerative diseases.</em> <em>The free radical oxidation process can be neutralized by antioxidants.</em> <em>Antioxidants are compounds that have the ability to eliminate, clean and resist the effects of free radicals.</em> <em>Matoa leaf plants are used as traditional medicine to treat various diseases.</em> <em>The leaves of matoa contain active compounds in the form of saponins, flavonoids and tannins.</em> <em>Flavonoids can act as antioxidants because they can provide an electron to free radicals.</em> <em>The aim of this research was to determine the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of matoa (Pometia Pinnata) leaf ethyl acetate extract which was tested using the DPPH free radical reduction method.</em> <em>The extraction process was carried out using the maceration method using ethyl acetate solvent in a ratio of 1:5.</em> <em>Determination of total flavonoid levels was carried out by adding AlCl3 and sodium acetate reagents.</em> <em>The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH free radical reduction method with quercetin as a comparison.</em> <em>Analysis was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.</em> <em>Research shows that the yield of matoa leaf ethyl acetate extract was 20.7161 grams.</em> <em>Ethyl acetate extract of matoa leaves contains chemical compounds in the form of saponins, flavonoids and tannins.</em> <em>The total flavonoid content obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of matoa leaves was 6.19% and the IC 50 value was 34.21 ppm, while quercetin as a comparison had an IC 50 value of 4.75 ppm.</em> <em>Ethyl acetate extract of matoa (Pometia Pinnata) leaves has a total flavonoid content of 6.19% and very strong antioxidant activity, the same as quercetin as a comparison.</em></p>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ricka islamiyatihttps://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/55990Antibacterial Activity Test of Lissoclinum patella Extract Obtained from the Coastal Waters of Parentek Village, East Lembean District, Minahasa Regency2024-12-09T08:17:21+08:00Hilda Kiwolhildakiwol@gmail.comDefny Wewengkangdefny@unsrat.ac.idErladys Rumondorerladys19@unsrat.ac.id<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><em>Ascidians are a class of marine tunicates that are included in marine invertebrate organisms. Tunicates (Ascidian) are animals included in the subphylum Urochordata, which have a small bag-like body shape and generally live in marine waters. The body of this animal is covered by a coat (tunic) formed from protein and polysaccharide compounds. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of ascidian Lissoclinum patella against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Extraction uses maceration method to extract active compounds from ascidian Lissoclinum patella. The results of the extract were tested whether there was antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, the test used the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method. The results of the test showed antibacterial activity with a marked inhibition zone around the disc paper of the extract test solution on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a medium inhibition zone diameter of 7.6 mm and Escherichia coli bacteria with a medium inhibition zone diameter of 6.3 mm.</em></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>2024-10-31T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2024 Hilda Kiwol, Defny Wewengkang, Erladys Rumondor