Jurnal Farmasi Medica/Pharmacy Medical Journal (PMJ)

FORMULASI SEDIAAN SIRUP OBAT BATUK MUKOLITIK EKSTRAK SERAI DAPUR (Cymbopogon citratus) DAN KEMANGI (Ocimum basilicum)

Yuni Puji Rahayu — 2023-10-27

Salah satu penyakit yang paling sering dialami oleh masyarakat Indonesia adalah batuk sebanyak 9.975 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah serai dapur dan kemangi dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan sirup obat batuk mukolitik dan mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik dari formulasi sirup tersebut. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain true experimental dan RAL. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian serai dapur dan kemangi dapat diformulasikan menjadi sirup obat batuk mukolitik dengan tekstur kental, bau khas dengan warna kuning dan sudah homogen. Konsentrasi terbaik sediaan sirup obat pada pH 4 yaitu konsentrasi 1% sedangkan efektivitas mukolitik tertinggi dimiliki oleh sirup dengan konsentrasi 2% sebesar 81,03%.

Kata kunci: Saponin, Serai dapur, Kemangi, Mukolitik

ANTIBAKTERI PADA PRODUK BIOTEKNOLOGI FARMASI BERUPA FORMULASI DAN SEDIAAN SABUN MANDI GEL KOMBUCHA BUAH NANAS MADU SUBANG

M. Fariz Fadilah — 2023-10-27

Kombucha from honey pineapple can be used as an active ingredient in formulations and preparations for shower gel as a pharmaceutical biotechnology product which has pharmacological activity in vitro in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Psedomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli bacteria. This study aims to make formulations and preparations for shower gel with active ingredients from kombucha fermented pineapple madu subang solution which includes concentrations of 15%, 25% and 35%. This research method is laboratory experimental in nature where the first step is to make a shower gel base without the active ingredient as a negative control. The second step is to make a gel soap base with the active ingredient, kombucha fermented pineapple honey subang at concentrations of 15%, 25% and 35%. Providing widely available commercial body wash as a positive control. Disc diffusion is a popular method for testing the activity of an antibacterial. One way ANOVA and post hoc follow-up test are the parts used in the analysis of each shower gel formulation along with the two positive controls for the overall test bacteria. The results of this study proved that based on a P value <0.05 through a one way ANOVA test and continued through post hoc analysis, namely the formulation and preparation of kombucha shower gel, pineapple madu subang at a concentration of 35%, significantly different from 20% and 30% to the growth of the four test bacteria and 35% concentration of kombucha bath soap pineapple honey subang was the best treatment compared to the two controls and other treatments in inhibiting the growth of the four test bacteria.

FORMULASI DAN UJI EVALUASI SEDIAAN STICK BALSEM DARI MINYAK ATSIRI SERAI DAPUR (Cymbopogon citratus) SEBAGAI ANALGESIK DAN AROMATERAPI RELAKSAN

Ellyza Audhina Rachman — 2023-10-27

Lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus) has potential as a medicine because it contains chemical compounds citronellal, citronellol, geraniol which work as analgesics and aromatherapy. One of the pharmaceutical preparations that can be used for analgesic and aromatherapy is a stick balm preparation because it can treat mild scale pain and stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical compounds in citronella essential oil using the GCMS tool, to formulate it as a stick balm which has a function as an analgesic and aromatherapy as well as to evaluate the preparation. The method in this study is true experimental laboratory. Lemongrass essential oil is formulated into 4 different preparations. The results of testing citronella essential oil using GCMS did not meet the expectations of the researchers because the results did not read the compound being sought. The results of the data read the chemical compound groups that are thought to have the same function as citronellal, citronellol, geraniol. Aldehydes and alcohols. Lemongrass essential oil can be formulated into 4 balm sticks with different concentrations. Evaluation test of stick balm organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, adhesion test, spreadability test, analgesic test, aromatherapy test and irritation test. The results of all preparation evaluation tests have met Indonesian national standards.

The Effect of taro tuber (colocasia esculenta L) infusion formulation on reducing cholesterol levels in female mice (mus musculus)

intan khoiriyah — 2023-10-30

Cholesterol is an essential building material for the body for the synthesis of important substances such as cell membranes and insulating materials around nerve fibers, as well as sex hormones, and kidney children, vitamin D, and bile acids. This study aims to determine which group of phytochemical compounds contained in liquid extract of taro tuber (Colocasia esculenta L.) has activity as a lowering of cholesterol levels and to determine whether taro tuber infusion (Colocasia esculenta L.) can reduce cholesterol levels in female mice. The dose used was the F1 dose of 0.3 ml/30 gram BW/day, the F2 dose was 0.6 ml/30 gram BW/day and the F3 dose was 0.9 ml/30 gram BW/day, in the K+ group using simvastatin 10 mg and K- using aqua injection. The results showed that at a dose of 0.3 ml/30 grams BW/day there was a relatively high reduction in cholesterol levels, namely 61 mg/dL, at a dose of 0.6 ml/30 grams BW/day it decreased by 48.8 mg/dL and at a dose of 0.9 ml /30 gram BW/day decreased with a low average of 19.4 mg/dL. However, a dose of 0.9 ml/30 gram BW/day is the best dose because it can reduce cholesterol levels quickly

OPTIMASI FORMULA GEL EKSTRAK KAYU MANIS (CINNAMOMUM BURMANNII) : FRACTIONATION APPROACH

Jainer Pasca Siampa — 2023-11-22

Activities outside are unavoidable and lead to increased sun exposure to the skin. The purpose of this study was to formulate a gel using cinnamonraction as active ingredients. Cinnamon is extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol then fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol solvents. The resulting fraction was then tested for total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl, 1-picrylhydrazil). Fractions that have strong antioxidant activity was further used as active ingredients. The test results of the total flavonoid content of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were 0.265%w/wEQ; 1.035%w/wEQ; and 1.169%w/wEQ respectively. Testing of antioxidant capacity gave an IC50 value of 124.729ppm; 8.636ppm; and 7.858ppm. Furthermore, the butanol fraction was selected as the best fraction and used as the active ingredient of the gel formula. In conclusion, the butanol fraction could be formulated into a gel that met the requirements of physical characteristics.
Keywords: butanol fraction, cinnamon, total flavonoid, antioxidant capacity, gel fraction

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ANALISIS TOTAL FENOL, FLAVONID DAN TANIN DARI EKSTRAK BUAH SALAK

Olvie Syenni Datu — 2023-11-23

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global problem that affects many people and causes high morbidity and mortality rates. The pathogenesis of DM is linked to the influence of free radicals, and various studies have been conducted to overcome this problem by utilizing potential natural materials that are available and have medicinal effects. North Sulawesi has a variety of potential plants and fruits that can be utilized for health, one of which is snake fruit. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity, phenol content, flavonoids, and tannins in salak fruit extract. The research method used was maceration using 96% ethanol solvent, then evaporated to obtain a thick extract. The extract was then tested for total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins using a uv-vis spectrophotometer. Total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent with gallic acid as a comparator. Total flavonoid content was determined with quercetin using AlCl3 reagent. Tannin content was determined with tannic acid. The results showed that the total phenolic content of salak fruit extract was 29.44 ± 1.02 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g extract, while the total flavonoid content was 8,609 ± 1.69 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE)/g extract. And the tannin content was 0.08184 ± 0.02 mg tannic acid equivalent (TAE)/g extract. The IC50 value of salak fruit extract is 22.16 which is included in the strong antioxidant category. Based on these results, salak fruit has the potential to be developed into pharmaceutical preparations that can be used to prevent or treat degenerative diseases.

PENGGUNAAN PATI SAGU (Metroxylon sp.) SEBAGAI GELLING AGENT TERHADAP KESTABILAN FISIK GEL ASAM SALISILAT

Karlah Lifie Riani Mansauda — 2023-12-18

ABSTRACT

The gelling agent component is a critical factor that can affect gel’s physical characteristics, such as organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, and viscosity. Starch is widely use as a filler and binder. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of the formulation of salicylic acid gel using sago starch as a gelling agent on the physical characteristics of the gel. The research began with the extraction of sago starch, and gel formulations were prepared using starch as the gelling agent with variations in sago starch with F1 (6%), F2 (8%), and F3 (10%). The gels were evaluated for their physical properties, including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, and spreadability testing over a period of 12 weeks at a temperature of 28ºC±2ºC. The research showed that all gel formulations did not undergo changes in organoleptic and homogeneity. In the pH test, all preparations met the requirements. The spreadability test results indicated that all gels did not meet the requirements, while only gel F1 did not meet the adhesion test requirements.

Keywords Gelling agent, Sago Starch (Metroxylon sp.), Physical Stability, Gel

Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik dari Emulgel Minyak Biji Pala

Surya Sumantri Abdullah — 2023-12-19

Emulgel merupakan sediaan topikal yang terdiri dari emulsi dan gelling agent. Minyak biji pala mengandung berbagai senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dari golongan fenolik yakni flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memformulasikan emulgel minyak biji pala yang stabil secara fisik. Dengan variasi konsentrasi dari Karbopol pada formula emulgel yang berfungsi sebagai Gelling Agent. Sediaan emulgel dibuat 3 formula yaitu FI (karbopol 0.5%), FII (karbopol 0.75%), FIII (karbopol 1%). Evaluasi sediaan emulgel yang dilakukan yaitu uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, dan uji daya lekat. Dari hasil evaluasi didapatkan semua formula memenuhi rentang stabilitas fisiknya.

Formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun kersen

Harja Muhamad Harja — 2023-12-31

Daun kersen memiliki kandungan bermacam senyawa bioaktif misalnya flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Satu
diantara bahan alami yang mempunyai nilai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kosmetik adalah kersen
(Muntingia calabura L.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memformulasikan daun kersen (Muntingia
calabura L.) sebagai sabun cair. Serbuk daun kersen dimeserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian
dilanjutkan dengan skrining fitokimia. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa daun kersen mengandung
senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Selanjutnya dilakukan pembuatan formulasi sediaan sabun cair.
Sediaan sabun cair yang telah dibuat dievaluasi mutu sediaan (organoleptik, homogenitas, ph, dan tinggi
busa). Hasil dari evaluasi sediaan ekstrak etanol daun kersen dengan konsentrasi 6%, 8%, dan 10%
menunjukan telah memenuhisyarat sesuai standar SNI.

The Skrining dan Uji Penggolongan Fitokimia dengan Metode KLT pada Ekstrak Etanol Kemangi (Ocium basilicum L) dan Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon ciratus)

Shoffi Ajeng pratiwi — 2023-12-30

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan golongon senyawa fitokimia yang terkandung didalam ekstrak etanol kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) dan sereh dapur (Cymbopogon ciratus) dan Untuk mengetahui hasil dari skrining dan uji penggolongan fitokimia dengan metode kromatografi KLT pada ekstrak etanol kemangi dan sereh dapur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorium. Dengan jenis penelitian RAL (rancangan acak lengkap). Ocimum basilicum L dan Cymbopogon ciratus diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Selanjutnya di uji skrining fitokimia meliputi flavonoid, alkoloid, tanin, saponin dan steroid dan di uji KLT meliputi jumlah noda, warna noda dan nilai Rf pada plat KLT. Hasil uji skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol daun kemangi menunjukan hasil positif flavonoid, alkoloid tanin dan steroid sedangkan pada ekstrak etanol rimpang sereh dapur menunjukan positif flavonoid, alkoloid dan steroid. Hasil dari metode KLT ekstrak etanol kemangi adalah jenis senyawa flavonoid yang terikat yaitu flavonon tanpa 5-OH bebas dan flavonon dengan 3-OH bebas dan memiliki atau tidak memiliki 5-OH bebas, dan alkaloid jenis nikotin, dan jenis tanin terkondensasi dan memiliki kadar steroid 1,246%. Sedangkan pada ekstrak etanol sereh dapur mengandung flavonoid yang terikat yaitu flavonon tanpa 5-OH bebas dan flavonon dengan 3-OH bebas dan memiliki atau tidak memiliki 5-OH bebas, dan alkaloid jenis nikotin, dan dengan kadar steroid 1,024%