KERJASAMA INDONESIA-CHINA (Suatu Studi Tentang Kebijakan Penerbangan Langsung Manado-China) - Trilke E. Tulung, Fascacellya E. Kalebos, Michael Mamentu (POLITICO: Jurnal Ilmu Politik, 2020)
ABSTRAK Adanya kesepakatan kerja sama ASEAN-China dalam bentuk Working Group on Regional Air Service Arrangements (ACWG-RASA), telah menghasilkan ASEAN-China Air Transport Agreement sebagai payung hukum kerjasama bidang transportasi udara ASEAN dengan China yang ditandatangani pada 12 November 2010 di Bandar Seri Bengawan dan telah diratifikasi dengan Peraturan Presiden No. 13 tahun 2016. Khusus bagi Indonesia dan China, setelah adanya kerjasama di bidang transportasi udara tersebut, kemudian berlanjut dengan kerjasama di bidang pariwisata. Kedua negara sepakat melaksanakan kerjasama di bidang pariwisata, dengan kerjasama ini diharapkan tidak hanya di level pemerintah pusat, tetapi juga di tingkat pemerintah daerah. Pada 2016 lalu Indonesia menargetkan akan mendatangkan turis China sebanyak 2 juta, karena itu pintu masuk kedatangan turis asing di buka sebanyak mungkin. Khusus kota Manado yang memiliki jarak terdekat dengan beberapa kota di China menjadi salah satu wilayah prioritas untuk pencapaian target pariwisata tersebut. Pada tanggal 3 juli 2016Â  penerbangan langsung Manado-China di buka bersama dengan penerbangan perdana Lion Air ke 8 kota besar di China. Maskapai yang pertama melayani rute penerbangan langsung Manado-Tiongkok adalah : 1). Lion Air, bekerjasama dengan MM Travel Manado. MM Travel Manado dan Lion Air melayani rata-rata 15 penerbangan charter dari Tiongkok ke Manado (PP) per minggu. Lion Air melayani Â perjalanan ke 8 kota di Tiongkok yaitu, Shanghai, Xiâ€™An, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Changsa, Wuhan, Nanjing, dan Zhengzhou; 2). Citilink melayani penerbangan ke Guiyang satu kali/minggu; 3). Sriwijaya Air, yang melayani penerbangan ke Hangzhou 3 kali seminggu, ke Nanning 2 kali seminggu.Â  Dampak dari pembukaan penerbangan langsung tersebut, kunjungan turis China begitu meningkat. Sudah ratusan â€œCharter Flightâ€ yang memuat ribuan penumpang yang berkunjung ke Sulut sejak akhir 2016. Wisman (wisatawan mancanegara) asal China masih mendominasi kunjungannya ke provinsi Sulut khususnya Kota Manado. Penelitian ini mendapati bahwa dengan dibukanya penerbangan langsung Manado- China membawa dampak positif terhadap perkembangan pariwisata Kota Manado khususnya peningkatan jumlah turis yang sangat signifikan dan juga membawa dampak positif terhadap perekonomian Kota Manado. Â  Kata Kunci : Kerjasama; Penerbangan Langsung; Manado; China Â  Â  INDONESIA-CHINA COOPERATION (A Study on the Manado-China Direct Aviation Policy) Â  ABSTRACT The existence of an ASEAN-China cooperation agreement in the form of a Working Group on Regional Air Service Arrangements (ACWG-RASA), has resulted in the ASEAN-China Air Transport Agreement as a legal umbrella for cooperation in the ASEAN air transportation sector with China which was signed on November 12, 2010 at Bandar Seri Bengawan. and has been ratified by Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2016. Especially for Indonesia and China, after the cooperation in the field of air transportation, it then continues with cooperation in the tourism sector. The two countries agreed to carry out cooperation in the tourism sector, with this cooperation expected not only at the central government level, but also at the regional government level. In 2016, Indonesia is targeting to bring as many as 2 million Chinese tourists, so the entrance of foreign tourist arrivals is open as much as possible. Especially for the city of Manado, which has the closest distance to several cities in China, is one of the priority areas for achieving these tourism targets. On July 3, 2016, direct Manado-China flights were opened along with Lion Air's first flights to 8 major cities in China. The first airlines serving direct Manado-China routes are: 1). Lion Air, in collaboration with MM Travel Manado. MM Travel Manado and Lion Air serve an average of 15 charter flights from China to Manado (PP) per week. Lion Air serves trips to 8 cities in China, namely, Shanghai, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Changsa, Wuhan, Nanjing, and Zhengzhou; 2). Citilink serves flights to Guiyang once / week; 3). Sriwijaya Air, which flies to Hangzhou 3 times a week, to Nanning 2 times a week. As a result of the opening of these direct flights, Chinese tourist visits have soared. There have been hundreds of "Charter Flights" containing thousands of passengers visiting North Sulawesi since the end of 2016. Chinese tourists (foreign tourists) still dominate their visits to North Sulawesi province, especially Manado City. This study found that the opening of direct Manado-China flights had a positive impact on the tourism development of Manado City, especially an increase in the number of tourists which was very significant and also had a positive impact on the economy of Manado City. Â  Keywords: Cooperation; Direct Flights; Manado; China