Submissions

Author Guidelines

PLEASE READ CAREFULLY!

The journal accepts manuscripts that meet the JARB format and style as contained in the Journal Template. Manuscripts are accepted through the registration and submission process on the OJS (Open Journal System) platform. Any manuscript that is not in accordance with the scientific field will NOT be reviewed. Curriculum vitae should be emailed to: jar_bioecology@unsrat.ac.id

FORMAT

1. All manuscripts  should be written in English either American or British style (must be consistent)
2. All manuscripts should be typed on double side of good quality A4 paper and be 1.5 spaced, except for indented direct quotations.
3. All the manuscripts have to be made briefly according to the research subject and methods, usually between 15 pages with 1.5-spaced, including figures, methods, and references.
4. Margins (left, right, top and bottom) should be at least 1.27 cm, font Times New Roman size 12, except the title. To assure blind review, authors should not identify themselves directly or indirectly in their paper.
5. Systematic report typically includes the following sections (without number):

• Title page
• Author’s name, institution, address of the institution, and email of correspondences.
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgment
• References 

1. Please recheck the appropriate spelling and vocabulary.
2. All pages, including tables, appendices, and references, should be serially numbered.
3. Percentage and Decimal Fraction, for the non-technical purpose uses percent in text: for the technical purpose uses % symbol.
4. Keywords, four keywords should be provided at the end of the abstract so that they would be easier to locate in the index.

ABSTRACT

An abstract, which is 150-250 words in length, should be presented on a separate page immediately preceding the text of the manuscript. An abstract should be relatively non-mathematical and provides detail about the paper’s purposes, research methods, and findings as well as its contributions. The manuscript’s title, but neither the author’s name nor his/her affiliation, should appear on the abstract page. 

TABLES AND FIGURES

1. Authors should pay attention to All tables and figures (graphs) that should be put on pages by themselves. Each table or figure should be numerically numbered and fully titled which refers to the contents of tables or figures.
2. References for each graph should be mentioned in the manuscript without any exception.
3. Authors should point out with notation about which margin that graphic should be included on a text.
4. Graphs should be easily interpreted without referring to the text.
5. Lines that refer to sources and notes should be included in the text. Equations should be numerically numbered in parenthesis with an align-right margin.

DOCUMENTATIONS

Text citation, manuscripts should be cited in an “authors-year system” which refers to the manuscript on a bibliography. JARB uses APA Styles in citing references in the text. When you use information from another source, cite that source in the text so that readers can easily find the full citation in the References. Either make the citation part of the sentence or insert it, within parentheses, after the author or their work is mentioned.

First time cited

One author:

• Andoyo (1990) reviewed research on negotiation and found that it spans many disciplines.
• A recent study of the effects of caffeine on concentration (Andoyo, 1990) used only male subjects.
• Negotiation research spans many disciplines (Thompson, 1990).

Note: When citing multiple references, list them in alphabetical order by the first author. Multiple references by the same author are listed in order by date, as below:

This effect has been widely studied (Abbott, 1991, 1994; Kelso, 1998; Martini, 1992). 

Two to five authors:

• Becker and Seligman's (1996) findings contradicted this result.
• This result was later contradicted (Becker & Seligman, 1996).
• Medvec, Madey, and Gilovich (1995) examined the influence of "what might have been" thoughts on satisfaction among a group of Olympic medalists.
• Research on Olympic medalists has shown that bronze medalists are more satisfied than silver medalists (Medvec, Madey, & Gilovich, 1995; Zimm & Abbott, 1992).

Note: Use an ampersand ('&') between two authors' names when the citation occurs within parentheses, and use the word 'and' when it occurs in the sentence. For articles by multiple authors, cite the names in the order given on the title page. 

Six or more authors:

Cite only the last name of the first author, followed by "et al." and the year of publication.

• Barakat et al. (1995) attempted to ... 

Citing the same article in subsequent paragraphs

One or two authors: Use the same format as for the first citation.

Three or more authors: Include only the first author's last name followed by "et al." and the year of publication:

• Medvec et al. (1995) examined the influence of "what might have been" thoughts on satisfaction among Olympic medalists
• Research on satisfaction among Olympic medalists has shown that bronze medalists are more satisfied than silver medalists (Medvec et al., 1995). 

Quotes

If you must quote, however, use the author’s exact words and include the page number in the citation:

• "Our difficulty in regard to sexual selection lies in understanding how it is that the males which conquer other males . . . leave a greater number of offspring to inherit their superiority than their beaten and less attractive rivals" (Darwin, 1874, p. 209).
• Quotation that refers to institutional work should use acronym or abbreviation; example: (Komite SAK-IAI, PSAK28, 1997) 

Citing Secondary Sources

If the primary source is not available, but you still want to refer to it, then give both the primary and secondary citations in the text, but cite only the secondary source in the References.

• Nguyen and Lee (as cited in Becker & Seligman, 1996) found the opposite effect in children.
• An opposite effect was found in infants (Nguyen & Lee, as cited in Becker & Seligman, 1996).

Note: For either example, list only Becker and Seligman (the source that you read) in the References. 

REFERENCES

JARB is using APA Style. JARB recommends MENDELEY software for reference management, but other software such as Zotero and EndNote can also be used. Each manuscript should include references that contain referred manuscripts. Each entry should contain all the required data. A number of references were used at least 80% are journals from the total references.

Key Style Rules for Journal Article References (see also APA Publication Manual, 6th edition, pp. 169-224)

• Center the header References. If you have only one source, then use the singular (“Reference”).
• Use a hanging indent: Do not indent the first line of each reference, and do indent all following lines.
• Put each author's last name first. Use only initials for first and middle names.
• List multiple authors of a single reference in the same order they are given in the article. Sequence matters! The order of authors reflects the relative contribution of each person.
• List references in alphabetical order according to the last name of the first author.
• In the title of an article, book, or chapter, capitalize only the first letter of the first word, the first letter of a word after a colon, and any proper nouns. (Notice the difference in the next rule.)In the title of a journal, capitalize the first letter of each major word.
• Italicize the title and volume number of the journal.
•  Include the issue number of the journal volume only if pages are not numbered consecutively throughout the volume
• Don't write the abbreviations "Vol.", "No.", or "pp.". Just write the numbers.
• Put periods after the date of publication, after the article's title, and at the end of the reference.
• Digital object identifier (DOI): when published, many journal articles are assigned a unique string of numbers, a DOI, that serves to direct readers to the online article, regardless of where it is stored. This number is generally on the first page of the article, and should be included at the end of the citation, after the page numbers.
• Uniform resource locators (URLs): when no DOI is provided, but the article was retrieved from the web, provide the home page URL of the journal or of the book or report publisher. List this in the citation after the page numbers: "Retrieved from: http://www.xxxxx"

Common Citation Formats in Reference according to APA Style:

Journal article by one author:

Thompson, L. (1990). Negotiation behavior and outcomes: Empirical evidence and theoretical issues. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 515-332. doi:10.1048/9385-0920.58.2.193

Journal article by two authors:

Loesche, L. S., & Tsai, S. D. (1998). More organization, less espresso: Effects of caffeine on manuscript length. Human Behaviour, 5, 1-43. Retrieved from http://journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ens 

Journal article, three to seven authors:

Saywitz, K. J., Mannarino, A. P., Berliner, L., & Cohen, J. A. (2000). Treatment for sexually abused children and adolescents. American Psychologist, 55, 1040-1049. doi:10.5497/4578-2587.456.2.548 

Journal article, more than seven authors:

Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L., . . . Griffin, W. A. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 843-856. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/journals/ccp.html 

Book chapter (electronic version):

Booth, D. A. (1980). Conditioned reactions in motivation. In F. M. Toates & T. R. Hall (Eds.), Analysis of motivational processes (pp. 77-102). New York: Academic Press. Retrieved from http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/html/index.asp

Note: See APA manual (6th ed.), pages 202-205, for more versions of electronic book sources. 

Book (print version):

Toates, F. M. & Hall, T. R. (Eds.). (1980). Analysis of motivational processes. New York: Academic Press.

Note: If more than one city is given for the publisher of a book, name the most convenient city for finding the book (e.g., if Academic Press is published in New York and London, list only New York for an American audience or only London for a European audience).