Jenis, komposisi, dan kepadatan sampah laut di Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara, pada musim hujan (Type, composition, and density of marine litter in Manado Bay during rainy season)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.8.1.2020.29570Keywords:
marine litter, waste management, Manado Bay, North Sulawesi, IndonesiaAbstract
During rainy season, a various type of litter can enter the ocean through rivers. This is a significant contributor to the amount of marine litter in the waters. In order to access the type, composition, and density of the litter during rainy season, this study was conducted in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi. The observation was done on the litter stranded on the beach, and they were classified into two different size groups, macro (>2,5 cm)- and meso (0,5-2,5 cm)-sizes. Malalayang Beach and Bailang Beach were chosen for the location of the study. Litter type, composition, and density was evaluated according to National Marine Litter Monitoring Guide. The result showed that there were 7 types of macro-size and 6 types of meso-size marine litter in Malalayang Beach and it was dominated by glass and ceramic for both sizes. In Bailang Beach, 9 types of macro-size and 7 of meso-size were found, and it was dominated by plastics. It can be concluded that various type of marine litter present in Manado Bay, both macro- and meso- sizes, during the rainy season. The highest composition was the glass and ceramics type. However, the highest density was the plastic type.
---
Pada musim hujan, berbagai jenis sampah dari daratan masuk ke perairan pantai melalui sungai. Hal ini merupakan penyumbang signifikan bagi jumlah sampah laut di perairan. Untuk menilai jenis bahan, komposisi, dan kepadatan sampah laut pada musim hujan, penelitian ini dilakukan di Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Bagian Utara. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap sampah laut yang terdampar di pantai (beach litter), berukuran makro (> 2,5 cm) dan meso (0,5-2,5 cm), di dua lokasi, yaitu Pantai Malalayang dan Pantai Bailang. Sampah laut dievaluasi menggunakan Pedoman Nasional tentang Pemantauan Sampah Pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, sampah laut jenis plastik, kaca & keramik, busa plastik, kertas & kardus, logam, karet, kayu, kain, dan bahan lainnya, baik berukuran makro maupun meso ditemukan di perairan. Di Pantai Bailang, komposisi sampah laut berukuran makro dan meso didominasi oleh jenis bahan plastik; tetapi, di Pantai Malalayang didominasi oleh jenis kaca & keramik. Demikian juga untuk kepadatan sampah laut di Pantai Bailang, jenis bahan plastik mendominasi, baik sampah berukuran makro maupun meso. Sedangkan di Pantai Malalayang, jenis kaca & keramik mendominasi kepadatan sampah laut pada semua ukuran. Selanjutnya, dapat disimpulkan, pada musim hujan, berbagai jenis bahan sampah laut berada di Teluk Manado, baik berukuran makro maupun meso. Komposisi terbesar untuk ukuran makro dan meso ialah jenis bahan kaca & keramik. Namun, kepadatan tertinggi untuk ukuran makro dan meso ialah sampah jenis bahan plastik.
References
BANGUN, S.A., SANGARI, J.R.R., TILAAR, F.F., PRATASIK, S.B., SALAKI, M., and PELLE, W. (2019) Komposisi Sampah Laut Di Tasik Ria, Kecamatan Tombariri, Kabupaten Mina-hasa. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax, 7 (1), pp. 320-328.
BPS (2018) Kota Manado Dalam Angka 2018. Manado: Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Manado.
CHESHIRE, A. and ADLER, E. (2009) UNEP/IOC Guidelines On Survey And Monitoring Of Marine Litter. Nairobi: United Nations Envi-ronment Programme
DERRAIK, J.G.B. (2002) The Pollution Of The Marine Environment By Plastic Debris: A Review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44 (2002), pp. 842-852.
DJAMALUDDIN, R. (2019) Growth Pattern In Tropical Mangrove Trees Of Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 20 (6), pp. 1713-1720.
GALL, S.C. and THOMPSON, R.C. (2015) The Impact Of Debris On Marine Life. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 92 (2015), pp. 170-179.
JAMBECK, J.R., GEYER, R., WILCOX, C., SIEGLER, T.R., PERRYMAN, M., ANDRA-DY, A., NARAYAN, R. and LAW, K.L. (2015) Plastic Waste Inputs From Land Into The Ocean. Sciencemag, 347 (6223), pp. 768-771.
KLHK. (2017) Pedoman Pemantauan Sampah Pantai. Jakarta: Dirjen Pengendalian Pencemar-an Dan Kerusakan Pesisir Dan Laut, Kementeri-an Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.
LASUT, M.T. (2017) Laporan Kegiatan Pemantau-an Sampah Laut Pantai Teluk Manado, Kota Manado, Tahun 2017. Laporan Kegiatan. Direktorat Pengendalian Pencamaran dan Ke-rusakan Pesisir dan Laut, Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Pencemaran dan Kerusakan Lingkungan. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.
LASUT, M.T., WEBER, M., PANGALILA, F., RUMAMPUK, N.D.C., RIMPER, J.R.T.S.L., WAROUW, V., KAUNANG, S.T. and LOTT, C. (2018) From Coral Triangle To Trash Triangle-How The Hot Spot Of Global Marine Biodiversity Is Threatened By Plastic Waste. Springer International Publishing, AG 2018, pp. 107-113.
LIPPIAT, S., OPFER, S. and ARTHUR, C. (2013) Marine Debris Monitoring And Assessment: Recommendations for Monitoring Debris Trends In The Marine Environment. Silver Spring, USA: NOAA Marine Debris Division.
PELAMATTI, T., FONSECA-PONCE, I.A., RIOS-MENDOZA, L.M., STEWART, J.D., MARIN-ENRIQUEZ, E., MARMOLEJO-RODRIGU-EZ, A.J., HOYOS-PADILLA, E.M., GAL-VAN-MAGANA, F. and GONZA-LESAR-MAS, R. (2019) Seasonal Variation In The Abundance Of Marine Plastic Debris In Banderas Bay Mexico. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 145 (2019), pp. 604-610.
PERATURAN PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONE-SIA NOMOR 83 TAHUN (2018) Tentang Penanganan Sampah Laut. Jakarta: Presiden Republik Indonesia.
ROSEVELT, C., HUERTOS, M.L., GARZA, C. and NEVINS, H.M. (2013) Marine Debris In Central California: Quantifying Type And Abundance Of Beach Litter In Monterey Bay, CA. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 71 (2013), pp. 299-306.
SYAFI’I, B.I.E., BENGEN, D. and GUNAWAN, I. (2001) Analisis Pemanfaatan Ruang Kawasan Pesisir Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Jurnal Pesisir Dan Lautan, 4 (1), pp. 1-16.
TERZI, Y. and SEYHAN, K. (2017) Seasonal And Spatial Variations Of Marine Litter On The South-Eastern Black Sea Coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 41 (2017), pp. 1-5.
THIEL, M., HINOJOSA, I.A., MIRANDA, L., PANTOJA, J.F., RIVADENEIRA, M.M. and VAZQUEZ, N. (2013) Anthropogenic Marine Debris In The Coastal Environment: A Multi-Year Comparison Between Coastal Waters And Local Shores. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 71 (2013), pp. 307-316.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
COPYRIGHT & LICENSES:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format — and adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially — with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
