Perbandingan Massa Tulang Sebelum dan Sesudah Melakukan Senam Zumba pada Wanita Dewasa

Abstract

Abstract: Osteopenia commonly occurs in people over 50 years, however, several studies also showed that osteopenia affected young adults. Osteopenia can develop into osteoporosis. International Osteoporosis Foundation estimated that women in Indonesia had risk of developing osteoporosis four times greater than men. Osteopenia and osteoporosis can be prevented by physical exercise such as aerobic exercises inter alia Zumba exercise. This study was aimed to determine whether there was a difference in bone mass before and after 4-week Zumba exercise. This was an experimental study with one group pretest and posttest design conducted on 16 subjects of adult females in a fitness center in Manado, North Sulawesi. Zumba exercise was performed in 4 weeks. Bone mass before and after Zumba exercise was measured by using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed with paired sample t-test. The results showed that the average of bone mass before Zumba exercise was 2.281 kg and the average of bone mass after Zumba exercise was 2.306 kg with a P value of 0.104. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in bone mass before and after 4-week Zumba exercise.
Keywords: bone mass, Zumba exercise

Abstrak: Osteopenia umumnya terjadi pada orang berusia di atas 50 tahun, namun beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa osteopenia telah menyerang usia muda. Osteopenia dapat berlanjut menjadi osteoporosis. Menurut International Osteoporosis Foundation, risiko osteoporosis pada wanita di Indonesia 4 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pria. Osteopenia dan osteoporosis dapat dicegah dengan melakukan aktivitas fisik seperti olahraga aerobik, antara lain senam Zumba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan massa tulang sebelum dan sesudah melakukan senam Zumba. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental lapangan dengan rancangan one group pretest dan posttest yang dilakukan pada 16 wanita dewasa pada salah satu pusat kebugaran di Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Senam Zumba dilaksanakan selama 4 minggu. Massa tulang sebelum dan sesudah senam Zumba diukur menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Uji statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata massa tulang sebelum senam Zumba 2,281 kg dan rerata massa tulang sesudah senam Zumba selama 4 minggu 2,306 kg dengan nilai P=0,104. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara massa tulang sebelum dan sesudah melakukan senam Zumba selama 4 minggu.
Kata kunci: massa tulang, senam Zumba