Karakter morfologi akar sebagai indikator kekurangan air pada tanaman (Root morphological characters as water-deficit indicators in plants)

Song Ai Nio, Patricia Torey

Abstract


Abstrak

Ketersediaan air tanah yang berkurang serta perubahan iklim yang tidak menentu menyebabkan kekurangan air bagi tanaman. Pada saat kekurangan air akar berperan penting dalam adaptasi tanaman karena akar mampu mengabsorbsi air dengan memaksimalkan sistem perakaran. Beberapa karakter morfologi akar yang menunjukkan resistensi tanaman terhadap kekurangan air ialah pemanjangan akar ke lapisan tanah yang lebih dalam, pertambahan luas dan kedalaman sistem perakaran, perluasan distribusi akar secara horizontal dan vertikal, lebih besarnya berat kering akar pada genotipe tanaman yang lebih tahan kering, pertambahan volume akar, peningkatan berat jenis akar dan resistensi longitudinal pada akar, daya tembus akar yang tinggi, lebih tingginya rasio akar dan tajuk serta rasio panjang akar dan tinggi tanaman.

Kata Kunci: kekeringan, morfologi akar, resistensi

Abstract

The decrease of soil water availability and unpredicted climate change resulted in water deficit in plants. The plant root is very important in plant adaptation during water deficit as the root can absorb the water by maximizing the root system. Some root morphological characters that indicated the drought resistance in plant are root lengthening through deeper soil layers, the increase of root area and depth, the increment of horizontal and vertical root distribution, bigger root dry mass in drought-resistant genotypes, increased root volume, the increase of root density and longitudinal resistance, bigger root penetration, higher root shoot ratio, and also larger ratio of root length and plant height.

Keywords: drought, resistance, root morphology


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.3.1.2013.3466

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Copyright (c) 2014 Song Ai Nio, Patricia Torey

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Publisher:
Department of Biology
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Manado, North Sulawesi


 

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