EFEK DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper Crocatum) TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH DAN GAMBARAN MORFOLOGI ENDOKRIN PANKREAS TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus Norvegicus)

Liestiono S. Nasi, Carla F. Kairupan, Poppy M. Lintong

Abstract


Abstract: Leaves of ’sirih merah‘ (Piper Crocatum) contain compounds such as flavonoid, alkaloid and tannin, wich are capable of lowering blood sugar levels. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the administration of ‘sirih merah’ broth on blood sugar levels and histopathological features of pancreatic endocrine. This was a laboratory experimental study which was conducted for five month using 12 wistar rats as objects. The rats were divided into four groups: Group A (negative control), which received no treatment; group B, which were given the broth of ‘sirih merah’ at 2,4 ml; Group C, which were given sugar solution at 2,4 ml; and Group D, which were given the broth (1,2 ml) and sugar solution (1,2 ml). The results revealed that the levels of blood sugar decreased in rats in Groups B and D but increased in Group C. When compared with rats in Group A, the size and the number of Langerhans islets increased in Group C (more than twice). On the contrary, the number of Langerhans islets in Group D was relatively similar with that of Group A. Conclusion: The administration of the broth of ‘sirih merah’ leaves is able to lower blood sugar levels and to cause hyperplasia of pancreatic Langerhans islets.
Keywords: leaves of ’sirih merah‘, blood sugar level, langerhans island

Abstrak: Daun sirih merah (Piper Crocatum) mengandung senyawa kimia, seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tanin, yang berkhasiat menurunkan kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian air rebusan daun sirih merah terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah dan gambaran morfologik endokrin pankreas. Penelitan ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang dilakukan selama lima bulan dengan objek penelitian tikus wistar sebanyak 12 ekor. Tikus dibagi dalam empat , yaitu Kelompok A (kontrol negatif), tikus tidak diberi perlakuan khusus; Kelompok B, tikus diberikan air rebusan daun sirih merah 2,4 ml; Kelompok C tikus diberikan air larutan gula 2,4 ml; dan Kelompok D, tikus diberikan air rebusan daun sirih merah 1,2 ml dan air larutan gula 1,2 ml. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar gula darah menurun pada tikus Kelompok B dan D tetapi meningkat pada Kelompok C. Jika dibandingkan dengan Kelompok A, maka ukuran dan jumlah pulau Langerhans pankreas bertambah namun jumlahnya jauh lebih banyak pada Kelompok C (> dari dua kali lipat). Sebaliknya jumlah pulau Langerhans pada Kelompok D relatif hampir sama dengan yang ditemukan pada Kelompok A. Simpulan: Pemberian air rebusan daun sirih merah dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah dan menyebabkan pulau Langerhans pankreas hiperplasia.
Kata kunci: Daun sirih merah, kadar gula darah, pulau Langerhans


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v3i3.10151

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