Pola bakteri aerob yang berpotensi menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial di kamar bersalin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

Abstract

Abstract: Infection acquired in the hospital (nosocomial infection) is defined as an infection that does not exist or is in the incubation period at the time of hospital admission and is associated with health care. Nosocomial infection occurs as a result of interaction of several factors, among others, the types of microbes in the hospital environment, nursing actions that allow microbial intervention into the body through the skin and mucous membranes, interactions among patients, hospital workers, equipment and the environment as well as an increase of opportunistic microbial resistance. This study aimed to determine the pattern of aerobic bacteria that were potential to cause nosocomial infections in the delivery room of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a prospective descriptive study. Samples were obtained from walls, floors, medical equipment, and the air in the delivery room at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. The results showed that of 22 samples, there were several types of bacteria as follows: Bacillus subtillis (40.1%), Enterobacter aerogenes (18.2%), Gram-negative cocci (18.2%), Serratia liquefaciens (13.6%), and Enterobacter cloacae (9.9%). Conclusion: The most common type of aerobic bacteria in the delivery room of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado was Bacillus subtillis.

Keywords: delivery room, nosocomial infections, aerobic bacteria


Abstrak: Infeksi yang didapat di rumah sakit (nosokomial) didefinisikan sebagai infeksi yang belum ada atau sedang dalam masa inkubasi pada saat masuk rumah sakit dan infeksi yang berkaitan dengan perawatan kesehatan. Infeksi nosokomial terjadi sebagai akibat interaksi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu antara lain: adanya jenis-jenis mikroba di lingkungan rumah sakit, tindakan keperawatan yang memungkinkan mikroba intervensi ke dalam tubuh melalui kulit dan membran mukosa, interaksi antara pasien, pekerja rumah sakit, peralatan dan lingkungan, serta peningkatan resistensi mikroba oportunistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri aerob di dinding, lantai, peralatan medis, dan udara di kamar bersalin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan pendekatan prospektif. Sampel penelitian diambil dari dinding, lantai, peralatan medis dan udara di kamar bersalin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian dari 22 sampel mendapatkan bakteri yang tumbuh ialah Basillus subtillis (40,1%), Enterobacter aerogenes (18,2%), kokus Gram negatif (18,2%), Serratia liquefaciens (13,6%), dan Enterobacter cloacae (9,9%). Simpulan: Bakteri aerob di kamar bersalin Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang terbanyak ialah Bacillus subtillis.

Kata kunci: kamar bersalin, infeksi nosokomial, bakteri aerob