Gambaran kadar fosfat anorganik pada serum pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 nondialisis

Abstract

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease is a public health problem in Indonesia. Hyperphosphatemia is a metabolic disorded in patients with chronic kidney disease in which the phosphate concentration increased more than 5 mg/dL. In 2014, based on data in Kandou Public Center Hospital Manado prevalence of chronic kidney disease patients with hyperphosphatemia stage 5 is greatly increased as much as 90%, consist of 8 men (40%) and 10 women (50%). The purpose of this research is to describe the levels of inorganic phosphate in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 nondialysis. This research method is a descriptive study. Retrieval of data by taking the blood of patients who come for treatment at two hospitals in Manado, that are: (1) Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Public Center Hospital Manado and (2) The Advent Public Hospital Teling Manado as many as 35 samples. The research was conducted from November to December 2015. The results showed 17 outpatients and 18 inpatients. In outpatients, 7 people with normal levels of inorganic phosphate (41,18%), and 10 people with high level of inorganic phosphate (58,82%). In hospitalized patients, there are 7 people with normal levels of inorganic phosphate (38,89%), and 11 people with high levels of inorganic phosphate (61,11%). Conclusion: Based on theses results it can be concluded that patients with high level of inorganic phosphate more than the normal inorganic phosphate in outpatient or inpatient.

Keywords: inorganic phosphate, chronic kidney disease, hyperphosphatemia

Abstrak: Penyakit ginjal kronik masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Hiperfosfatemia merupakan salah satu gangguan metabolik pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik dimana kadar fosfat meningkat lebih dari 5 mg/dL. Pada tahun 2014, berdasarkan data di RSUP Kandou Manado prevalensi pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 dengan hiperfosfatemia sangat meningkat, yaitu 90% dengan delapan orang laki-laki (40%) dan 10 orang perempuan (50%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar fosfat anorganik pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 nondialisis di Manado. Penelitian ini berupa studi deskriptif. Pengambilan data diambil dari darah pasien yang datang berobat di dua rumah sakit di Manado yaitu : (1) RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan (2) Rumah sakit umum Advent Teling Manado sebanyak 35 sampel. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November sampai Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 17 pasien rawat jalan dan 18 pasien rawat inap. Pada pasien rawat jalan, tujuh orang dengan kadar fosfat anorganik normal (41,18%), dan 10 orang dengan kadar fosfat anorganik tinggi (58,82%). Pada pasien rawat inap, terdapat tujuh orang dengan kadar fosfat anorganik normal (38,89%), dan 11 orang dengan kadar fosfat anorganik tinggi (61,11%). Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasien penyakit ginjal kronik dengan kadar fosfat anorganik tinggi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pasien fosfat anorganik normal di rawat jalan maupun rawat inap.

Kata kunci: fosfat anorganik, penyakit ginjal kronik, hiperfosfatemia