Deteksi Dini Anak Gangguan Spektrum Autisme dan Interaksinya dengan Orang Tua dan Saudara Kandung

Abstract

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder is a development disorder that appears before the age of three years old. It has three types of characteristic, inter alia social interaction. Children with autism spectrum disorder need interaction with their families or close-related people because they interact with their own styles. They need people who can understand what they want and their parents have the dominant roles. This study was aimed to obtain the interaction between children with autism and their siblings as well as their parents. This was a descriptivequantitative study with a cross sectional design. The results showed that there were 64 children with autism spectrum disorder; most were 7-10 years old. Males (59.6%) were more common than females (40.4%). There was interaction between children with autism and their siblings and parents which manifested as raging violently and crying abruptly. Conclusion: Children with autism spectrum disorder were dominantly male and aged 7-10 years old. The interaction between children with autism and their siblings and parents manifested as raging violently and crying abruptly.

Keywords: children, autism, interaction, parents, siblings

Abstrak: Gangguan spektrum autis adalah gangguan perkembangan yang muncul sebelum usia tiga tahun dengan 3 tipe karakteristik; salah satu diantaranya yaitu interaksi sosial. Anak gangguan spektrum autisme membutuhkan interaksi dengan orang-orang terdekat karena anak-anak tersebut berinteraksi dengan gayanya sendiri. Orangtua memiliki peran dominan dan merupakan orang yang paling dapat mengerti dan dimengerti oleh anak gangguan spektrum autisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi anak autisme dengan saudara kandung dan orang tua. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dari total 64 anak autisme yang diteliti, terbanyak berusia 7-10 tahun yaitu 30 anak. Gangguan ini lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki (59,6%) dibandingkan perempuan (40,4%). Terdapat interaksi antara anak autisme dengan saudara kandung dan orang tua berupa mengamuk dan menangis secara tibatiba. Simpulan: Anak gangguan spektrum autisme terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan usia 7-10 tahun. Interaksi dengan keluarga berupa mengamuk dan menangis secara tiba-tiba.

Kata kunci: anak, autisme,interaksi, orang tua, saudara kandung