Uji daya hambat ekstrak biji buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans

Abstract

Abstract: In addition to daily consumption, avocado is also used to treat oral diseases. Scientific studies showed that avocado seed contained flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloid which were expected to inhibit bacterial growth. This study was aimed to obtain the bacterial inhibitory effect of avocado seed (Persea americana Mill.) extract on Streptococcus mutans as the primary cause of dental caries. This was a true experimental study with the post test only control group design. This study used a modified Kirby-Bauer method with paper disk. The positive control was erythromycin and the negative control was aquadest. Avocado seeds were extracted by using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The Streptococcus mutans bacteria were obtained from pure stock of Microbiology Laboratory of Pharmacy Study Program University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. The results showed that the mean diameter of inhibition zone of avocado seed extract was 21.8 mm which was classified as very strong inhibition. Conclusion: Persea Americana Mill. seed extract had a very strong inhibitory effect on the growth of Streptococcus mutans.
Keywords: avocado seed (Persea americana Mill.), Streptococcus mutans, inhibition effect

Abstrak: Selain menjadi bahan konsumsi masyarakat yang lezat, ternyata alpukat telah lama dipercaya dapat mengobati penyakit di dalam rongga mulut. Di dalam buah alpukat terdapat biji yang terbukti melalui penelitian ilmiah mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tannin yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak biji buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Metode yang digunakan ialah modifikasi Kirby-Bauer dengan paper disk. Kontrol positif menggunakan antibiotik eritromisin dan kontrol negatif menggunakan akuades. Biji buah alpukat diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Bakteri Streptococcus mutans diambil dari stok bakteri murni Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan diameter rerata zona hambat dari ekstrak biji buah alpukat yang terbentuk ialah 21,8 mm dan digolongkan sebagai zona hambat sangat kuat. Simpulan: Ekstrak biji buah alpukat memiliki daya hambat sangat kuat terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans.
Kata kunci: biji buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill.), Streptococcus mutans, daya hambat