Studi Etnobotani Kuning oleh Etnis Karo di Desa Ujung Bandar, Kecamatan Salapian, Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara

Demita Demita, Riska Septia Wahyuningtyas, Marina Silalahi

Abstract


This study aims to determine the diversity of plants as kuning material and their use by the Karo Ethnic in Ujung Bandar Village, Salapian District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. A total of 35 respondents (30 general respondents and 5 key informants). Some of the things that were asked of the respondents were the types, materials, processing methods, benefits and ways of using kuning. The data were analyzed in a qualitative way using descriptive statistics. The Karo ethnicity in Ujung Bandar Village recognize two types of kuning, namely kuning melas (hot) and kuning mbergeh (cold). A total of 15 plant species consisting of 12 genera from 9 families were used as kuning herbs, of which 7 species came from the Zingiberaceae family. How to use kuning by cooking it on the sick body part. The kuning is used to treat coughs, stomachaches, colds, rheumatism and fever. The benefits of kuning are related to the bioactivity of the constituent plants. The plants used as kuning ingredients are rich in essential oils such as Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga, Citrus hystrix and Piper nigrum.

Keywords: Karo ethnicty; kuning; Ujung Bandar Village

 

Abstrak

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tumbuhan sebagai bahan kuning dan pemanfaatannya oleh Etnis Karo di Desa Ujung Bandar, Kecamatan Salapian, Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara.  Sebanyak 35 responden (30 responden umum dan 5 informan kunci). Beberapa hal yang ditanyakan pada responden adalah jenis-jenis, bahan, cara pengolahan, manfaat dan cara pemanfaatan kuning. Data dianalisis dengan cara kualitatif dengan menggunakan statistika deskriptif. Etnis Karo di Desa Ujung Bandar mengenali dua jenis kuning yaitu kuning melas (panas) dan kuning mbergeh (dingin). Sebanyak 15 spesies tumbuhan yang terdiri dari 12 genus dari 9 famili digunakan sebagai ramuan kuning, yang sebanyak 7 spesies berasal dari famili zingiberaceae. Cara pemakaian kuning dengan memaskerkan ke bagian tubuh yang sakit. Kuning digunakan untuk mengatasi batuk, sakit perut, masuk angin, rematik dan demam. Manfaat kuning berhubungan dengan bioaktivitas dari tumbuhan penyusunnya. Tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai bahan kuning kaya akan essensial oil seperti Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga, Citrus hystrix dan Piper nigrum.

Kata kunci: etnis Karo; kuning; Desa Ujung Banda


Keywords


Karo ethnicty, kuning, Ujung Bandar Village

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35799/jbcw.v1i1.36160

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