HUBUNGAN ANTARA FREKUENSI KONSUMSI BAHAN MAKANAN SUMBER PROTEIN DALAM MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU (MP-ASI) DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA 12-24 BULAN DI KOTA MANADO
Abstract
Abstract : The first thousand days of life which starts from the conception until the child reach two year of age is a critical period in determining the health of said child for the rest of his due to this period being the peak of the child growth and development. As a child grows and develops after the first 6 months, breastmilk alone would not be able to sustain all the nutritional needs of the child, therefore requiring complementary feeding for the process of development and fulfilling the nutritional needs. This study aims to determine the correlation between complementary feeding and nutritional status of children aged 12-24 months in Manado. This research is an analytical research utilizing cross-sectional approach in 5 community health centres area of Manado.
The result of this study in 79 sample is obtained through the indicator of weight for age 79,70% children are normal, 15,20% are underweight, 3,80% are severely underweight, and 1,30% child is categorized as overweight. According to the indicator of length for age, 50,60% children are normal, 26,60% are stunted, and 22,80% are severely stunted. The most common plant protein ingredients used in complementary feeding are tofu and tempeh, when the most common plant protein ingredients used in complementary feeding are egg and formula milk.
This study demonstrates there are no correlation between frequency of protein material in complementary feeding consumption and child nutritional status according to weight for age indicator and length for age indicator.
Keyword: Children Nutritional Status, Complementary Feeding, FFQ, Manado, Protein.
Abstrak: Seribu hari pertama kehidupan yang dimulai dari konsepsi hingga anak berusia dua tahun merupakan periode yang sangat kritis dalam menentukan kesehatan seseorang untuk seluruh hidupnya karena merupakan puncak masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Sejalan dengan pertumbuhan dan peningkatan aktivitas anak dalam 6 bulan pertama setelah lahir, ASI sendiri tidak mampu lagi menyediakan seluruh kebutuhan nutrisi untuk anak sehingga MP-ASI dibutuhkan untuk proses perkembangan dan mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi bahan makanan sumber protein dalam MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak usia 12-24 bulan di Kota Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional di 5 wilayah puskesmas Kota Manado.
Penelitian terhadap 79 sampel didapatkan berdasarkan indikator BB/U 79,70% anak memiliki gizi baik, 15,20% anak memiliki gizi kurang, 3,80% anak memiliki gizi buruk dan 1,30% anak memiliki gizi lebih. Berdasarkan indikator PB/U, 50,60% anak normal, 26,60% anak memiliki perawakan pendek, dan 22,80% anak memiliki perawakan sangat pendek. Bahan makanan sumber protein nabati yang paling sering digunakan dalam MP-ASI adalah tahu dan tempe sedangkan bahan makanan sumber protein hewani yang paling sering digunakan dalam MP-ASI adalah susu formula dan telur.
Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi bahan makanan sumber protein dalam MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak berdasarkan indikator BB/U dan indikator PB/U.
Kata Kunci: FFQ, Manado, MP-ASI, Protein, Status Gizi Anak.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Karakochu CD, Whitfield KC, Green TJ, Kraemer K. The Biology of the First 1000 Days. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; 2018.
Saavedra JM, Dattilo AM. Nutrition in the first 1000 days of life: Society’s greatest opportunity. Dalam: Saavedra JM, Dattilo AM, editor. Early Nutrition and Long-term Health Mechanisms, Consequences and Opportunities. Duxford: Elsevier; 2017.
Abeshu MA, Lelisa A, Geleta B. Complementary feeding: review of recommendations, feeding practices, and adequacy of homemade complementary food preparations in developing countries – lessons from Ethiopia. Front Nutr. 2016 Oct;3(41)
Kalhoff H, Kersting M. Programming long-term health: Nutritio ad Diet in infants aged 6 months to 1 year. Dalam: Saavedra JM, Dattilo AM, editor. Early Nutrition and Long-term Health Mechanisms, Consequences and Opportunities. Duxford: Elsevier; 2017.
Dewey KG. Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization; 2003.
Fewtrell M, Bronsky J, Campoy C, Domellöf M, Embleton N, Fidler Mis N, et al. Complementary feeding: A Position Paper by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 Jan;64(1):119-32.
Langley-Evans. Nutrition, health and disease: A lifespan approach Second Edition. Chichester: Wiley; 2015.
Eidelman A. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012 Mar;129(3):e827-41.
WHO. The double burden of malnutrition: policy brief [internet]. World Health Organization; 2017. Tersedia dalam: http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/ doubleburdenmalnutrition-policybrief/en/ [diakses 17 Agustus 2018]
UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN-DESA Population Divison. Levels and trends in child mortality report 2017 Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation; 2014. Tersedia dalam: http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/ documents/levels_trends_child_mortality_2017/en/
UNICEF. Malnutrition [Internet]. United Nations Children’s Fund; 2018 Mei. Tersedia dalam: https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/ [diakses 5 Agustus 2018]
Prendergast AJ. Malnutrition and vaccination in developing countries. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2015 Jun;370(1671):20140141
Ivana Kolčić. Double burden of malnutrition: A silent driver of double burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries. J Glob Health. 2012 Dec;2(2):020303.
Depkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2013.
Tosheno D, Adinew YM, Thangavel T, Workie SB. Risk Factors of Underweight in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Ethiopian. J Nutr Metab 2017 Jan;2017:1-8
Mgongo M, Chotta NAS, Hashim TH, Uriyo JG, Damian DJ, Stay-Pedersen B, et al. Underweight, Stunting and Wasting among Children in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania; a Population-Based Cross-sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Mei;14(5):509.
Ali Z, Saaka M. The effect of maternal and child factors on stunting, wasting and underweight among preschool children in Northern Ghana. BMC Nutrition. 2017 Apr;3(31):1-13.
Onis M, Branca F. Childhood Stunting: a Global Perspective. Matern Child Nutr. 2016 Mei;12(Suppl 1):12-26.
Nyankovskyy S, Dobranskyy D, Ivakhnenko O, Iatsula M, Javorska M, Platonova O, et al. Dietary habits and nutritional status of children from Ukraine during the first 3 years of life. Pediatr Pol. 2014 Des;89(6):395-405.
Huong LT, Xuan LTT, Phuong LH, Huyen DTT, Rocklöv J. Diet and nutritional status among children 24-59 months by seasons in a mountainous area of Northen Vietnam in 2012.Glob Health Action. 2014;7:10.
Hadju V, Yunus R, Arundhana AI, Salmah AU, Wahyu A. Nutritional Status of Infants 0-23 Months of Age and its Relationship with Socioeconomic Factors in Pangkep. Asian J Clin Nutr. 2017;9(2):71-76
Betebo B, Ejajo T, Alemseged F, Massa D. Household Food Insecurity and Its Association with Nutritional Status of Children 6-59 Months of Age in East Badawacho District, South Ethiopia. Journal of Environmental and Public Health. 2017:1-17.
Kandowangko H, Mayulu N, Punuh M. Hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan status gizi anak usia 12-24 bulan di 5 wilayah puskesmas Kota Manado. KESMAS. 2018;7(4).
Tamuntuan AC, Kawengian SES, Punuh MI. Hubungan antara asupan energy dalam MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak usia 12-24 bulan di 5 Puskesmas Kota Manado. KESMAS. 2018; 7(4).
Blaney S, Februhartanty J, Sukotjo S. Feeding practices among Indonesian children above six months of age: a literature review on their magnitude and quality (part 1). Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(1):16-27.
WHO. Indonesia - Food and Nutrition Security Profiles. World Health Organization; 2014.
Arsenault JE, Brown KH. Dietary Protein Intake in Young Children in Selected Low-Income Countries Is Generally Adequate in Relation to Estimated Requirements for Healthy Children, Except When Complementary Food Intake Is Low. J Nutr. 2017 Mei;147(5):932-9.
Fahmida U, Santika O, Kolopaking R, Ferguson E. Complementary feeding recommendations based on locally available foods in Indonesia. Food Nutr Bull. 2014 Des;35(4 Suppl):S174-9.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
www.Counters-free.net