FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI MINAT IMUNISASI MEASLES RUBELLA (MR) DI KECAMATAN MALALAYANG, MANADO

Tristan V. M. Kantohe, Novie H. Rampengan, Max F. J. Mantik

Abstract


Abstract: Measles, or what is known in the Indonesian language Campak, and Rubella, or Campak Jerman, are two infectious diseases that are highly contagious but can be prevented by immunization. In 2017, Indonesia holds a campaign to eradicate measles virus and control the rubella virus by holding phase I immunization in 2017 on Java, and phase II in 2018 outside Java. However, the incidence of both diseases is still high, and even though it has exceeded the target in phase I, immunization is still reaping a lot of contra. The influence of education level, knowledge of immunization, and age of parents and birth order has been formulated as the reason for the many factors that influence the interest in immunization. This study aims to determine how the influence of education level, knowledge of MR immunization, and age of parents, as well as the order of birth of children to interest in MR immunization in Malalayang District, Manado City. The type of research used was analytic observational survey with cross-sectional design and used a multistage sampling sampling technique with a minimum of 44 samples who met the criteria of parents of children aged 9 months to less than 15 years who visited the Bahu and Minanga Health Centers and parents of students from SD Negeri Malalayang and SD GMIM 20 Malalayang through surveys using questionnaires as research instruments. The results of the study were 105 respondents with 78.1% interest in immunization, and 21.9% were not interested. The study also did not find any significant influence between the level of education of mother and father (p = 0.687 and 0.729), knowledge of MR immunization (p = 0.36), age of mother and father (p = 0.58 and 0.792), and birth order of the children (p = 1.00) on MR immunization interest in Malalayang District, Manado City. There were no factors, whether knowledge of MR immunization, level of education and age of parents, and order of birth of children, which affected the interest in MR immunization in Malalayang District, Manado City.

Keywords: immunization, MR, knowledge, education, parental age, birth order

 

Abstrak: Measles, atau yang dikenal dalam Bahasa Indonesia campak, dan Rubella, atau campak Jerman, merupakan dua penyakit infeksi yang sangat menular tetapi dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi. Pada tahun 2017, Indonesia mengadakan kampanye pemberantasan virus measles dan pengontrolan virus rubella dengan mengadakan imunisasi fase I pada tahun 2017 di Pulau Jawa, dan fase II pada tahun 2018 di luar Pulau Jawa. Namun, insiden kedua penyakit masih tinggi, dan walaupun telah melebihi target pada fase I, imunisasi masih menuai banyak kontra. Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan akan imunisasi, dan umur dari orang tua serta urutan kelahiran telah dirumuskan sebagai alasan dari sekian banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi minat imunisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan akan imunisasi MR, dan umur orang tua, serta urutan kelahiran anak terhadap minat imunisasi MR di Kecamatan Malalayang, Manado. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan bersifat survei analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian potong lintang (Cross-sectional) dan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel  multistage sampling dengan minimal 44 orang sampel yang memenuhi kriteria orang tua dari anak berusia 9 bulan hingga kurang dari 15 tahun yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Bahu, dan Puskesmas Minanga serta orang tua murid dari SD Negeri Malalayang dan SD GMIM 20 Malalayang melalui survei menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 105 responden, dengan minat imunisasi sebanyak 78.1%, dan tidak menemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan (p=0.687 dan 0.729), pengetahuan akan imunisasi MR (p=0.36), umur orang tua (p=0.58 dan 0.792), dan urutan kelahiran anak (p=1.00) terhadap minat imunisasi MR di Kecamatan Malalayang, Manado. Tidak ada faktor-faktor, baik itu pengetahuan akan imunisasi MR, tingkat pendidikan dan umur orang tua, serta urutan kelahiran anak, yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap minat imunisasi MR di Kecamatan Malalayang, Manado.

Kata kunci: imunisasi, MR, pengetahuan, pendidikan, umur, urutan kelahiran


Full Text:

PDF

References


Biro Komunikasi dan Pelayanan Masyarakat Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Imunisasi Measles Rubella Lindungi Anak Kita [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Aug 10]. Available from: www.depkes.go.id

Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit. Sayangi buah hati Anda dengan Imunisasi Campak-Rubella (MR) [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Aug 10].

Available from: http://www.idai.or.id/artikel/klinik/imunisasi/imunisasi-campak-rubella-mr

Nuh PM. [Advertorial] Kampanye Imunisasi Measles Rubella Fase II Serentak di Luar Pulau Jawa. KBR. 2018 Aug 1;

Lestari S, Oki B. Imunisasi campak dan rubella MR di tengah pro-kontra vaksinasi. BBC News Indonesia. 2017 Sep 18;

WHO | Measles and Rubella Surveillance Data. WHO [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Aug 10]; Available from: http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/vpd/surveillance_type/active/measles_monthlydata/en/

SEARO WHO. Status Campak dan Rubella Saat Ini di Indonesia [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Aug 10]. Available from: www.kemenkes.go.id

Liwu TS, Rampengan NH, Tatura SNN. Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Berat Ringannya Campak pada Anak. e-CliniC [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Aug 10];4(1). Available from: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/eclinic/article/view/10961

Streatfield K, Singarimbun M, Diamond I. Maternal Education and Child Immunization. Demography [Internet]. 1990 Aug [cited 2018 Aug 10];27(3):447. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.2307/2061378

Odusanya OO, Alufohai EF, Meurice FP, Ahonkhai VI. Determinants of vaccination coverage in rural Nigeria. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2008 Dec 5 [cited 2018 Aug 10];8(1):381. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-8-381

Jani J V, De Schacht C, Jani I V, Bjune G. Risk factors for incomplete vaccination and missed opportunity for immunization in rural Mozambique. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2008 Dec 16 [cited 2018 Aug 10];8(1):161. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-8-161

Owais A, Hanif B, Siddiqui AR, Agha A, Zaidi AK. Does improving maternal knowledge of vaccines impact infant immunization rates? A community-based randomized-controlled trial in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2011 Dec 17 [cited 2018 Aug 10];11(1):239. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-11-239

Etana B, Deressa W. Factors associated with complete immunization coverage in children aged 12–23 months in Ambo Woreda, Central Ethiopia. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2012 Dec 28 [cited 2018 Aug 10];12(1):566. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-12-566

Merlinta, Candrasari A. Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang Vaksin MR (Measles Rubella) dan Pendidikan Ibu Terhadap Minat Keikutsertaan Vaksinasi MR di Puskesmas Kartasura [Internet]. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya; 2018 [cited 2018 Aug 10]. Available from: http://eprints.ums.ac.id/58354/

MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine [Internet]. 2015 Aug 14 [cited 2018 Aug 15];33(34):4161–4. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X15005009

Vassiliki P, Ioanna K, Artemis V, Eleni K, Aglaia Z, Attilakos A, et al. Determinants of vaccination coverage and adherence to the Greek national immunization program among infants aged 2-24 months at the beginning of the economic crisis (2009-2011). BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2014 Dec 20 [cited 2018 Aug 15];14(1):1192. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1192

Russo G, Miglietta A, Pezzotti P, Biguioh RM, Bouting Mayaka G, Sobze MS, et al. Vaccine coverage and determinants of incomplete vaccination in children aged 12–23 months in Dschang, West Region, Cameroon: a cross-sectional survey during a polio outbreak. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2015 Dec 10 [cited 2018 Aug 15];15(1):630. Available from: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-015-2000-2

Beribe BS. Cakupan Imunisasi MR di Sulut di Bawah Target. akurat.co [Internet]. 2018 Nov 2 [cited 2018 Nov 22]; Available from: https://akurat.co/gayahidup/id-373375-read-cakupan-imunisasi-mr-di-sulut-di-bawah-target

Database RapidPro Imunisasi MR Indonesia [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://www.kampanyemr.info/dashboard/

Triana V. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemberian Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap pada Bayi tahun 2015. Vol. 10, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas. 2017. 123 p.

Dharma Yuda A, Nurmala I. The Relationship of Characteristics, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Mother’s Action on Immunization Compliance. Vol. 6, Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi. 2018. 86 p.

Libunelo E, Paramata Y, Rahmawati R. Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu dan Jarak Pelayanan Kesehatan Dengan Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar di Puskesmas Dulukapa. Vol. 1, Gorontalo Journal of Public Health. 2018. 8 p.

Salesman F. The Effect of Maternal Education Level, Family Income, and Maternal Working Time to Basic Vaccine Service on 0-24 Infants in Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Vol. 02, Journal of Health Policy and Management. 2017. 112-116 p.

Vonasek BJ, Bajunirwe F, Jacobson LE, Twesigye L, Dahm J, Grant MJ, et al. Do Maternal Knowledge and Attitudes towards Childhood Immunizations in Rural Uganda Correlate with Complete Childhood Vaccination? Borrow R, editor. PLoS One [Internet]. 2016 Feb 26 [cited 2018 Dec 2];11(2):e0150131. Available from: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150131


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


www.Counters-free.net