KAJIAN PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI: LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penelitian studi fenomenologi pada perilaku dan nilai-nilai kepercayaan transendental yang terdapat didalam kehidupan masyarakat yang tidak dapat diukur dengan angka atau data statistik, esensi yang terdapat dalam kehidupan masyarakat berupa suatu pemahaman yang dirasakan ketika sudah menyatu dalam pemikiran mereka. Berdasarkan penelitian studi fenomenologi, “keunikan dari perilaku pedagang pasar tradisional terkait perilaku survivalnya” di Kota Manado. Temuan banyak pedagang di pasar tradisional tetap bertahan dengan profesinya, bahkan sampai puluhan tahun, walaupun pendapatan dari profesi mereka juga terkadang hanya cukup untuk kebutuhan hidup mereka sehari-hari, tetapi mereka tetap bertahan untuk berdagang di pasar tradisional tersebut. Karena ketika mereka menjalankan aktivitas berdagang, para pedagang biasanya saling berkomunikasi dengan pedagang-pedagang lainnya sambil duduk santai menunggu pembeli. Mereka saling tukar informasi dikalangan pedagang. Begitu juga dengan penelitian Kepercayaan Merapu di desa Sumba terdapat sebuah desa yang mengalami kekeringan, lokasi desa tersebut jauh dari terisolasi dari keterjangkauan jasa pelayanan kesehatan dan pemerintah, bagi orang yang melihat secara rasionalitas akan berpikir mengapa tetap bertahan, padahal desa tersebut tidak memberikan kesejahteraan bagi penduduk yang tinggal didalamnya yang memiliki kepercayaan merapu, bahwa mereka bertahan didesa itu dikarenakan desa tersebut memiliki keistimewaan tersendiri dari leluhur terdahulu mereka.
Kata Kunci: Kualitatif, fenomenology
ABSTRACK
This writing aims to examine phenomenological studies on the behavior and values of transcendental beliefs contained in people's lives that cannot be measured by numbers or statistical data, the essence of which is in people's lives in the form of an understanding that is felt when it is integrated in their thinking. Based on a phenomenological study, "the uniqueness of the behavior of traditional market traders is related to their survival behavior" in Manado City. The findings of many traders in traditional markets remain with their profession, even for decades, even though the income from their profession is sometimes only sufficient for their daily needs, but they still survive to trade in these traditional markets. Because when they carry out trading activities, traders usually communicate with other traders while sitting relaxed waiting for buyers. They exchange information among traders. Like wise with merapu belief research in Sumba village, there is a village that is experiencing drought, the location of the village is far from isolated from the affordability of health and government services, for people who see rationality they will think why they persist, even though the village does not provide welfare for the residents who live in it who have a rapturous belief, that they survive in the village because the village has its own specialties from their previous ancestors.
Keywords: Qualitative, phenomenology
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35794/jpekd.41379.23.1.2022
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