PENGETAHUAN,SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA TENTANG PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU EKSKLUSIF

Abstract

Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) Eksklusif menjadi salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi penting dalam pertumbuhan anak dimana ASI sangat bermanfaat untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi anak.World Health Organization merekomendasikan pemberian ASI Eksklusif sampai dengan 6 bulan. Secara nasional berdasarkan data Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2015, dilaporkan bahwa cakupan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara tergolong rendah (26,3%) dan berada di bawah angka rata-rata nasional (55,7%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan masyarakat di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara tentang pemberian ASI Eksklusif serta menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dengan tindakan terkait pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat survei/observasional analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang (cross-sectional study) dan dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara selama bulan Mei-November 2017. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah para Ibu dari anak balita usia 7 – 24 bulan. Sampel berjumlah 103 responden. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dengan Uji Chi square (CI=95%; α=5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 54,4% responden yang berpengetahuan baik, 45,6% responden yang memiliki sikap baik serta 32% responden memberikan ASI Eksklusif pada anak balita dari umur 0-6 bulan. Nilai probabilitas untuk analisis bivariat dari variabel pengetahuan dan sikap dengan tindakan ASI Eksklusif berturut-turut sebesar 0.018 dan 0.851. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tindakan dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara sikap dengan tindakan pemberian ASI Eksklusif responden.

Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan, ASI Eksklusif

ABSTRACT
Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the important factors contributing to children’s growth of which it is very beneficial for fulfillment of the need of children’s nutrition. World Health Organization has recommended exclusive breastfeeding until 6 month of age. Nationally, as based on the data of Indonesia Health Profile in 2015, it was reported that the realization of exclusive breastfeeding program in North Sulawesi Province was low (26.3%) and below national average (55.7%). This objectives of this research were to have description of knowledge, attitude and practices on exclusive breastfeeding of the community in the area of North Minahasa Regency and to find out the relationship of knowledge and attitude with the practices of exclusive breastfeeding. The type of this study is a quantitative and observational-analytic study with a cross-sectional study design which was carried out in the area of Wori Puskesmas (Community Health Center) of North Minahasa Regency in May to November 2017. The population was the mothers of the children aged 7-24 months and the number of samples was 103 respondents. Data collection was done using questionnaire and data analysis was performed using Chi Square Test (CI=95%, α=5%). The results showed that there were 54.4% respondents with good knowledge, 45.6% with good attitude and 32% of them practicing exclusive breastfeeding to Children Under Five aged 0-6 months. The probability value for bivariate analysis for knowledge and attitude with practices of exclusive breastfeeding were 0.018 and 0.851, respectively. In conclusion, there was a relationship between knowledge and practices and there was no relationship between attitude and practices among the respondents.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, Exclusive Breastfeeding