HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS IMUNISASI DAN PENYAKIT INFEKSI DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN DI DESA TATELI DUA KECAMATAN MANDOLANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Abstract

Masalah gizi masih menjadi masalah global diseluruh dunia terutama masalah gizi pada anak.Penyebab langsung terjadinya masalah gizi anak salah satunya penyakit infeksi.Infeksi yang terjadi dapat menghambat penyerapan asupan gizi sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gizi kurang dan gizi buruk pada anak. Rentannya anak menderita penyakit infeksi salah satunya akibat imunisasi dasar yang tidak lengkap. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status imunisasi dan penyakit infeksi dengan status gizi balita usia 24-59 bulan di Desa Tateli Dua Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi yang diambil anak usia 24-59 bulan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2019. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 115 balita usia 24-59 bulan. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS dan uji statistik menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat 28,7% gizi kurang dan 71,3% gizi baik. Status imunisasi lengkap 68,7%, tidak lengkap 31,3%. Balita yang menderita penyakit infeksi 29,6%, tidak menderita penyakit infeksi 70,4%. Hasil uji chi square didapati tidak ada hubungan antara status imunisasi dengan status gizi berdasarkan indeks antropometri BB/U (p=0,554), TB/U (p=0,374), BB/TB (p=0,146), terdapat hubungan antara penyakit infeksi dengan status gizi (BB/U dan BB/TB) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara penyakit infeksi dengan status gizi (TB/U). Kesimpulan penelitian tidak terdapat hubungan antara Status Imunisasi dengan Status Gizi dan terdapat hubungan antara Penyakit Infeksi dengan Status Gizi Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Desa Tateli Dua Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan pusat kesehatansetempat dapat melakukan tindakan promosi dan edukasi agar masyarakat dapat mengetahui pentingnya pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap serta pencegahan terhadap penyakit infeksi.

Kata kunci: Balita, Imunisasi, Penyakit Infeksi, Status Gizi.

ABSTRACT

Nutrition problem is still a global problem throughout the world, especially the problem of nutrition in children. The direct cause of the occurrence of children's nutritional problems is an infectious disease. Infection that occurs can inhibit the absorption of nutritional intake thereby increasing the risk of malnutrition and poor nutrition in children. Vulnerable to children suffering from infectious diseases one of which is due to incomplete basic immunization. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between immunization status and infectious disease with the nutritional status of children aged 24-59 months in Tateli Dua Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency. This study uses a cross sectional design. Population taken by children aged 24-59 months. The study was conducted in May-August 2019. The research sample was 115 toddlers aged 24-59 months. Data analysis using SPSS and statistical tests using chi-square. The results of the study are that there are 28.7% malnutrition and 71.3% good nutrition. Immunization status is 68.7%, incomplete is 31.3%. Infants suffering from infectious diseases 29.6%, did not suffer from infectious diseases 70.4%. Chi square test results found no relationship between immunization status and nutritional status based on anthropometric index BB / U (p = 0.554), TB / U (p = 0.374), BW / TB (p = 0.146), there is a relationship between infectious diseases and nutritional status (BB / U and BB / TB) and there is no relationship between infectious diseases and nutritional status (TB / U). The conclusion of the study there is no relationship between Immunization Status and Nutritional Status and there is a relationship between Infection Disease and Nutritional Status of Children Age 24-59 Months in Tateli Dua Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency. Through this research, it is hoped that the local health center can carry out promotional and educational actions so that the public can know the importance of providing complete basic immunization and prevention of infectious diseases.

Keywords: Toddler, Immunization, Infectious Disease, Nutritional Status.