HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS IMUNISASI DAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN DI DESA TATELI WERU KECAMATAN MANDOLANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Abstract

Tujuan dari indikator program Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) salah satunya yaitu untuk mengurangi angka kematian balita. Untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian bayi, UNICEF dan WHO merekomendasikan sebaiknya bayi disusui air susu ibu (ASI) selama 6 bulan (ASI eksklusif), dan pemberian ASI dilanjutkan sampai bayi berumur 2 tahun. Selain ASI, imunisasi wajib diberikan pada bayi dan anak untuk mencegah sakit, kecacatan dan kematian akibat PD3I. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status imunisasi dan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Desa Tateli Weru Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional study (studi potong lintang) yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2019. Populasi dan sampel penelitian merupakan seluruh balita yang bertempat tinggal di Desa Tateli Weru berjumlah 72 balita. Hasil penelitian untuk status gizi berdasarkan indeks BB/U yaitu gizi baik 75% dan gizi kurang 25%, berdasarkan indeks TB/U untuk kategori normal 62,5% dan pendek 37,5%, berdasarkan indeks BB/TB untuk kategori normal 54,2%, kurus 45,8%. Status imunisasi, lengkap 80,6% dan tidak lengkap 19,4% dan untuk pemberian ASI eksklusif, yang diberikan ASI eksklusif 26,4% dan yang tidak 73,6%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tidak terdapat hubungan antara status imunisasi dengan status gizi (BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB) dan terdapat hubungan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi (BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB). Dianjurkan kepada orang tua untuk lebih aktif dalam memantau status gizi anak serta mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi kesehatan anak.

Kata Kunci: Status Imunisasi, Asi Eksklusif, Status Gizi

ABSTRACT

One of the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program indicators is to reduce children under five mortality rate. To reduce morbidity and mortality, UNICEF and WHO give recommend that babies should be giving only breast milk for 6 months (exclusive breastfeeding), and continued breastfeeding for up to 2 years. In addition to breastfeeding, immunization must be given to infants and children to prevent illness, disability and death due to disease that can be prevented by immunization. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between immunization status and exclusive breastfeeding with nutritional status in children aged 24-59 months in Tateli Weru Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency. This study used a cross sectional study design which was conducted in August to September 2019. The population and sample of the study were all children that stay in the Tateli Weru village which is 72 children. The results of the study for nutritional status based on BB / U index are 75% good nutrition and 25% malnutrition, based on the TB / U index for the normal category is 62,5%, and short 37.5% %, based on the BB / TB index for the normal category is 54,2%, thin 45,8%. Immunization status, complete 80.6% and incomplete 19.4% and for exclusive breastfeeding, those who were given exclusive breastfeeding were 26.4% and non-73.6%. Based on the results of the study, there is no relationship between immunization status and nutritional status (BB / U, TB / U, BB / TB) and there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status (BB / U, TB / U, BB / TB). It is recommended for parents to be more active in the nutritional status of children participating in counseling activities or special children's health socialization.

Keywords: Immunization Status, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Nutritional Status