Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Nelayan di Kecamatan Essang Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud

Abstract

Penangkapan ikan komersial tetap menjadi salah satu pekerjaan paling beresiko di dunia. Nelayan dapat menghadapi banyak masalah kesehatan dan keselamatan. Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di tempat kerja dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, antara lain variabel perilaku, pengetahuan, sikap, pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, dan usia. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan dan sikap nelayan tentang K3 di Kecamatan Essang Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian survei deskriptif, dengan populasi 51 orang dengan sampel 30 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian ini merumuskan bahwa nelayan yang memiliki pengetahuan tinggi sebanyak 46,7% dan nelayan yang mempunyai pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 53,3%. Nelayan yang mempunyai sikap baik jumlahnya 20% dan yang mempunyai sikap cukup baik 80%. Nelayan yang pernah mengalami jenis kecelakaan kerja ringan seperti terpeleset saat bekerja sebanyak 97,7%, terjatuh dari kapal sebanyak 26,7%, kehabisan bahan bakar 73,3%, tergores saat bekerja 100%, mengalami tabrakan dengan kapal lain sebanyak 6,7%, kebocoran air di lambung kapal sebanyak 56,7%, kehabisan bahan makanan sebanyak 56,7% dan tersangkut jaring ikan sebanyak 33,3%. Nelayan yang pernah mengalami jenis kecelakaan kerja sedang seperti hanyut sebanyak 53,3%, mengalami kapal karam 43,3%, mati mesin di tengah laut sebanyak 90%, mengalami luka bakar sebanyak 13,3% terkena ledakan 3,3% dan menghadapi angin topan sebanyak 90%. Nelayan yang pernah mengalami jenis kecelakaan kerja berat seperti patah tulang sebanyak 10%.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Nelayan, Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

ABSTRACT

Commercial fishing remains one of the most risky occupations in the world. Fishers can face many health and safety problems. Occupational safety and health in the workplace is influenced by various factors, including behavioral variables, knowledge, attitudes, education, work experience, and age. This study intends to describe the knowledge and attitudes of fishermen about K3 in District Essang Talaud Islands, this type of research is qualitative research with design, descriptive survey research with a population of 51 people with a sample of 30 respondents.collected Data through interviews and questionnaires.The results of this study formulate that fishermen who have high knowledge are 46.7% and fishermen who have less knowledge are 53.3%. The number of fishermen who have a good attitude is 20% and those who have a fairly good attitude are 80%. Fishermen who have experienced minor work accidents such as slipping while working as many as 97.7%, falling from a ship as much as 26.7%, running out of fuel 73.3%, getting scratched while working 100%, experiencing collisions with other ships as much as 6.7 %, 56.7% of water leaks in the hull, 56.7% ran out of food and 33.3% got caught in fishing nets. Fishermen who have experienced moderate work accidents such as drifting as much as 53.3%, experiencing shipwrecks 43.3%, engine failure in the middle of the sea as much as 90%, experiencing burns as much as 13.3%, being hit by a 3.3% explosion and facing the wind hurricane as much as 90%. Fishermen who have experienced types of severe work accidents such as broken bones are as much as 10%.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Fishermen, Occupational Health and Safety