FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS KRIM ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica Less.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Beluntas plants contain flavonoid compounds, which are know to have antibacterial activity. This study aims to make a formulate and test the physical stability of antibacterial cream prepared from Beluntas Leaf extract (Pluchea indica Less.) with three variations in extract concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15%, and  test the effectiveness of antibacterial against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The method of this research is experimental laboratory research. Beluntas leaves extract (Pluchea indica Less.) was obtained by maceration using 96% of ethanol and formulated into cream preparations with various extract concentrations. The result showed that Beluntas Leaf extract cream fulfilled the requirements of the physical properties of cream preparations, which included organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, adhesion, emulsion type and cycling test. On the result of antibacterial activity testing, the average diameter of the clear zone of prepared cream of Beluntas leaf extract was at concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively ie 6.16 mm, 7.83 mm, 10.16 mm. Based on the classification of antibacterial category, the inhibiting ability of the test bacteria by 5% and 10% cream was categorized as moderate, and 15% was categorized as strongly which is the most effective cream inhibiting the activity of Propionibacterium acnes.

Keywords: Beluntas leaves, antibacterial cream, Propionibacterium acnes

ABSTRAK

           Tanaman Beluntas  merupakan salah satu tanaman  yang berkhasiat obat. Tanaman Beluntas mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formula dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan krim antibakteri dari ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 5%, 10% dan 15%, serta menguji efektivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim dengan variasi konsetrasi ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krim ekstrak Daun Beluntas memenuhi persyaratan sifat fisik sediaan krim yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, tipe emulsi dan cycling test .Pada hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri, diameter rata-rata zona bening sediaan krim ekstrak daun beluntas pada konsetrasi 5%, 10% dan 15% berturut –turut yaitu 6,16 mm, 7,83 mm, 10,16 mm. Berdasarkan klasifikasi kekuatan daya antibakteri, maka kemampuan penghambatan bakteri uji oleh krim konsentrasi 5% dan 10% dikategorikan sedang, serta 15% dikategorikan kuat yang merupakan krim paling efektif menghambat aktivitas bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.

Kata kunci : Daun Beluntas, krim antibakteri, Propionibacterium acnes.