FORMULASI SEDIAAN SABUN MANDI PADAT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus manihot L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.) contain metabolite compounds such as flavonoid, saponins, tannins and terpenoids for antibacterial. This study aims to formulate a solid bath soap with concentrations of 2%, 2,5% and 3% of Gedi leaves ethanol extract and to test the antibacterial activity of solid bath soap against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Experimental methods were performed for this research. For the formulation of this solid soap several experiments were conducted organoleptic test, pH, homogeneity, moisture content, free alkaline, and high foam. The effectiveness of antibacteria to inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis growth was tested by wells method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.) can be formulated into solid bath soap that meets the requirements according to the standards set to SNI (Indonesian National Standard) with the results of physical tests of all formulas in solid or hard form and scent of rose, the distribution of colors is evenly distributed, has a pH of 8,32-9,09, a moisture content of 8,65%-8,84%, foam height from 3,7-3,8 cm, and free alkaline are in a safe condition against the skin. The results of the activity of antibacteria solid bath soap extract of the Gedi leaves were found to inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria which has the strongest inhibition power at a concentration of 3% with an inhibition zone diameter of 14,8 mm.

Keywords: Gedi Leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Solid Soap, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis.

ABSTRAK

Daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan terpenoid yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sediaan sabun mandi padat ekstrak etanol daun Gedi dengan konsentrasi 2%, 2,5% dan 3% serta menguji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan sabun mandi padat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental laboratorium. Uji mutu sediaan sabun mandi padat ekstrak etanol daun Gedi dilakukan uji organoleptik, pH, homogenitas, kadar air, alkali bebas, dan tinggi busa. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus epidermidis dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan sabun mandi padat yang memenuhi persyaratan sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) dengan hasil semua formula berbentuk padat atau keras dan beraroma rose, penyebaran warna merata, memiliki pH 8,32-9,09, kadar air 8,65%-8,84%, tinggi busa 3,7–3,8 cm, serta alkali bebas dalam kondisi aman terhadap kulit. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan sabun mandi padat ekstrak etanol daun Gedi yang diperoleh dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis yang memiliki daya hambat terkuat pada konsentrasi 3% dengan diameter zona hambat 14,8 mm.

Kata kunci: Daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Sabun Padat, Antibakteri, Staphylococcus epidermidis