Perencanaan Integrasi Angkutan Kota Manado

Abstract

Abstrak

Integrasi transportasi umum diperlukan untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas, efisiensi, dan kualitas pelayanan angkutan perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja pelayanan angkutan umum eksisting serta merencanakan integrasi angkutan Kota Manado melalui pengembangan trayek feeder yang mendukung Bus Trans Manado. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif dengan analisis jaringan dan analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, penyebaran kuesioner, serta data sekunder dari Dinas Perhubungan Kota Manado dan RTRW Kota Manado. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan indikator kinerja angkutan umum yang meliputi load factor, headway, kecepatan perjalanan, cakupan pelayanan, dan kebutuhan armada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih terdapat tumpang tindih trayek mikrolet dengan koridor Bus Trans Manado sehingga pelayanan transportasi belum optimal. Perencanaan trayek feeder berdasarkan jaringan jalan, penggunaan lahan, pusat pelayanan, kepadatan penduduk, dan kemiringan lereng mampu meningkatkan keterhubungan antarmoda, memperluas cakupan pelayanan, serta mendukung sistem transportasi perkotaan yang lebih efektif, efisien, dan berkelanjutan di Kota Manado.

Kata kunci: Integrasi transportasi, trayek feeder, Bus Trans Manado, (SIG), kinerja angkutan umum.

Abstract

Public transport integration is essential to improve the accessibility, efficiency, and quality of urban transportation services. This study aims to analyze the performance of the existing public transport system and develop an integrated feeder route network to support the Trans Manado Bus service. The study employed a comparative descriptive method using network analysis and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based spatial analysis. Data were collected through field observations, questionnaires, and secondary data obtained from the Manado City Transportation Agency and the Manado City Spatial Plan (RTRW). The analysis was based on public transport performance indicators, including load factor, headway, travel speed, service coverage, and fleet requirements. The results indicate that overlaps between mikrolet routes and the Trans Manado Bus corridor still exist, resulting in suboptimal transport services. The proposed feeder routes, designed based on the road network, land use, service centers, population density, and slope conditions, improve intermodal connectivity, expand service coverage, and support a more effective, efficient, and sustainable urban transport system in Manado City.

Kata kunci: Transport integration, feeder routes, Trans Manado Bus, (GIS), public transport performance