Gambaran Jumlah Leukosit dan Hitung Jenis Leukosit pada Kehamilan Trimester 3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i3.61405Abstract
Abstract: Third trimester of pregnancy induces hematological changes, including physiological leukocytosis, as part of the immunological adaptation. However, hematological monitoring of pregnant women in Manado is still limited. This study aimed to describe leukocyte counts and differential leukocyte counts in third-trimester pregnant women and analyze their distribution based on maternal age categories and parity (gravida). This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 30 third-trimester pregnant women were selected using purposive sampling. Hematological examinations were conducted using fluorescence flow cytometry. The results showed that all samples had leukocyte counts within normal range (100%); no cases of leukocytosis or leukopenia. Differential leukocyte counts revealed normal values of basophils and eosinophils in all samples (100%). However, variations were observed in segmented neutrophils (50% normal, 46.7% elevated, 3.3% decreased), lymphocytes (26.7% normal, 50% decreased, 23.3% elevated), and monocytes (60% normal, 40% elevated). Increased segmented neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were more common in the high-risk age category. Leukocyte distribution was generally normal, but variations in differential counts were higher among multigravida women. In conclusion, these hematological changes reflect physiological adaptations during pregnancy without significant pathological indications, underscoring the importance of hematological monitoring for early complication detection.
Keywords: leukocyte; differential count; third semester of pregnancy
Abstrak: Kehamilan trimester ketiga menyebabkan perubahan hematologis, termasuk leukositosis fisiologis, sebagai bentuk adaptasi imunologis, namun pemantauan hematologi pada wanita hamil di Kota Manado masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jumlah leukosit dan hitung jenis leukosit pada wanita hamil trimester ketiga serta menganalisis distribusinya berdasarkan kategori umur dan jumlah kehamilan (gravida). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan dessain potong lintang. Sampel sebanyak 30 wanita hamil trimester ketiga dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pemeriksaan hematologis dilakukan menggunakan fluorescence flow cytometry. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa seluruh sampel memiliki jumlah leukosit dalam rentang normal (100%), tanpa kasus leukositosis atau leukopenia. Hitung jenis leukosit menunjukkan nilai normal untuk basofil dan eosinofil pada semua sampel (100%). Ditemukan variasi pada neutrofil segmen (50% normal, 46,7% meningkat, 3,3% menurun), limfosit (26,7% normal, 50% menurun, 23,3% meningkat), dan monosit (60% normal, 40% meningkat). Peningkatan neutrofil segmen dan penurunan limfosit lebih sering terjadi pada kategori usia berisiko. Pada kategori gravida, distribusi leukosit umumnya normal, tetapi variasi hitung jenis lebih tinggi pada multigravida. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah perubahan hematologis ini mencerminkan adaptasi fisiologis selama kehamilan tanpa indikasi patologis signifikan, menegaskan pentingnya pemantauan hematologis untuk deteksi dini komplikasi.
Kata kunci: leukosit; hitung jenis leukosit; kehamilan trimester ketiga
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