Efektivitas Kalender Menyikat Gigi terhadap Penurunan Indeks Plak pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas Satu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/mrz65784Keywords:
kalender menyikat gigi; indeks plak; Tri Plaque ID Gel; kesehatan gigi anakAbstract
Abstract: Oral health problems among elementary school children in Indonesia remain at an alarming level. One contributing factor is the low consistency and quality of tooth brushing habits. Therefore, simple, engaging educational tools that can be integrated into children's daily routines are urgently needed. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a tooth brushing calendar on plaque index reduction among first-grade students at SD Strada Bhakti Utama Jakarta. This was a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 73 first-grade students were selected through purposive sampling. Plaque indices were measured using Tri Plaque ID Gel before the intervention (pre-test) and after 14 days of tooth brushing calendar use (post-test). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that mean plaque index decreased from 1.541 before the intervention to 1.133 after using the tooth brushing calendar, representing a 26.5% reduction. The proportion of students with a good plaque index increased from 26.0% to 54.8%, while the poor category was completely eliminated. The Wilcoxon test confirmed a statistically significant difference (p=0.000). In conclusion, the tooth brushing calendar is effective in reducing plaque index among first-grade elementary school students within a 14-day period. It represents a simple, low-cost dental health educational tool well suited to the developmental characteristics of primary school-aged children.
Keywords: tooth brushing calendar; plaque index; Tri Plaque ID Gel; children's oral health
Abstrak: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak usia sekolah dasar di Indonesia masih berada pada angka mengkhawatirkan. Salah satu faktor penyebab ialah rendahnya konsistensi dan kualitas kebiasaan menyikat gigi sehingga diperlukan media edukasi yang sederhana, menarik, dan dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam kehidupan sehari-hari anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kalender menyikat gigi terhadap penurunan indeks plak pada siswa kelas satu SD Strada Bhakti Utama Jakarta. Jenis penelitian ialah pre-experimental dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Sebanyak 73 siswa kelas satu dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran indeks plak menggunakan Tri Plaque ID Gel dilakukan sebelum intervensi (pre-test) dan setelah penggunaan kalender menyikat gigi selama 14 hari (post-test). Data dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon pada tingkat kemaknaan 5%. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rerata indeks plak sebelum intervensi ialah 1,541 dan menurun menjadi 1,133 setelah penggunaan kalender menyikat gigi, menunjukkan penurunan sebesar 26,5%. Proporsi siswa dengan kategori indeks plak baik meningkat dari 26,0% menjadi 54,8%, sementara kategori buruk berhasil dieliminasi sepenuhnya. Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik (p=0,000). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kalender menyikat gigi terbukti efektif menurunkan indeks plak pada siswa kelas satu sekolah dasar dalam periode 14 hari. Media ini merupakan alternatif edukasi yang sederhana, berbiaya rendah, dan sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan anak usia sekolah dasar.
Kata kunci: kalender menyikat gigi; indeks plak; Tri Plaque ID Gel; kesehatan gigi anak
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