A Performance Study of Micro-Small-Medium-Enterprises (MSMEs) in Emerging Economy: Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation
Kata Kunci:
Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Kinerja PerusahaanAbstrak
The role of MSMEs in economic growth across the world has become more critical over recent years because of the intensively changing business environment. MSMEs especially in Indonesia have contributed to reducing the unemployment rate. However, the problem of MSMEs is maintaining their businesses because of inefficiency in operating and producing competitive advantage. This research aims to examine the performance of MSMEs in emerging economies, particularly Surabaya City, Indonesia. The dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation were used to measure firms’ performance. They are proactiveness, innovativeness, risk-taking, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness. The multiple linear regression analysis, classic assumption test, and purposive sampling technique were applied in this research. The findings of this study indicate that innovativeness, risk-taking, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness variables significantly influence firms’ performance. Only the proactiveness variable was found not significant.
Referensi
Abebe, M. (2014), “Electronic commerce adoption, entrepreneurial orientation and small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) performance”, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 100-116.
Ainiyah, N., Deliar, A., & Virtriana, R. (2016). The classical assumption test to driving factors of land cover change in the development region of the northern part of west Java. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 41, 205-210.
Aldrich, H. & Cliff, J. (2003). The pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship: toward a family embeddedness perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 18 (5), 573-596.
Almajali, D.A., Masa’deh, R.E. and Tarhini, A. (2016), “Antecedents of ERP systems implementation success: a study on Jordanian healthcare sector”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 29 No. 4, pp. 549-565.
Arabeche, Z., Soudani, A., Brahmi, M., Aldieri, L., Vinci, C. P., & Abdelli, M. E. A. (2022), “Entrepreneurial orientation, organizational culture and business performance in SMEs: Evidence from the emerging economy”, Sustainability, Vol. 14 No. 9, pp. 5160.
Audretsch, D. (2012). Entrepreneurship research. Management decision, 50(5), 755-764.
Balodi, K.C. (2014), “Strategic orientation and organizational forms: an integrative framework”, European Business Review, Vol. 26 No. 2, pp. 188-203.
Basco, R., Hernández-Perlines, F., & Rodríguez-García, M. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance: A multigroup analysis comparing China, Mexico, and Spain. Journal of Business Research, 113, 409-421.
Belgacem, B.C.H.I.N.I. (2015), “Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the case of Tunisian companies”, International Journal of Economics, Commerce, and Management, Vol. 111, pp. 1-15
Covin, J.G., Slevin, D.P. (1990), “New venture strategic posture, structure, and performance: An industry life cycle analysis”, Journal of Business Venturing, 5(2), 123-135.
Cronk, B. C. (2019). How to use SPSS®: A step-by-step guide to analysis and interpretation. Routledge.
Diaz, E., & Sensini, L. (2020). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: evidence from Argentina. International Business Research, 13(8), 47-55.
Dzomonda, O., & Fatoki, O. (2019), “Evaluating the impact of organizational culture on the entrepreneurial orientation of small and medium enterprises in South Africa”, Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 82-94
Dzulkarnain, M., Abdullah, A.G. and Shuhymee, A. (2014), “Linking entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: the examination toward the performance of cooperatives firms in Northern region of peninsular Malaysia”, International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 247-264.
Erista, I. F. S., Andadari, R. K., Usmanij, P. A., & Ratten, V. (2020). The influence of entrepreneurship orientation on firm performance: a case study of the salatiga food industry, Indonesia. In Entrepreneurship as Empowerment: Knowledge spillovers and entrepreneurial ecosystems (pp. 45-61). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Fairoz, F.M., Hirobumi, T., & Tanaka, Y. (2010), “Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of small and medium scale enterprises of Hambantota District Sri Lanka”, Asian Social Science, 6(3), 34.
Franco, M., & Prata, M. (2019), “Influence of the individual characteristics and personality traits of the founder on the performance of family SMEs”. European Journal of International Management, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 41-68.
Hair, J. R., Joseph, F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. and Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall, USA
Herlinawati, E., Ahman, E., & Machmud, A. (2019). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on SMEs business performance in Indonesia. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(5), 1-15.
Hossain, M.S., Islam, M.A., Hosen, M. and Thaker, H. (2023), “Missing catalysts of female entrepreneurship success: evidence from an emerging economy”, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, Vol. 42 No. 5.
Hughes, M. and Morgan, R.E. (2007), “Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 36 No. 5, pp. 651-661.
Ibrahim, A. U., & Martins, M. A. (2020), “Influence of entrepreneurial orientation on firms performance: Evidence from small and medium enterprises in Nigeria”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 10(2), 99.
Indonesia-investment.com, 2022. Micro, Small, and Mediums Enterprises in Indonesia: Backbone of the Indonesian Economy. Retrieved December 17, 2023, from. https://www.indonesia-investments.com/finance/financial-columns/micro-small-medium-enterprises-in-indonesia-backbone-of-the-indonesian-economy/item9532
Jupesta, J., Boer, R., Parayil, G., Harayama, Y., Yarime, M., De Oliveira, J. A. P., & Subramanian, S. M. (2011). Managing the transition to sustainability in an emerging economy: Evaluating green growth policies in Indonesia. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 1(2), 187-191.
Karami, M., & Tang, J. (2019), “Entrepreneurial orientation and SME international performance: The mediating role of networking capability and experiential learning”, International Small Business Journal, Vol. 37 No. 2, pp. 105-124.
Kraus, S., Rigtering, J. C., Hughes, M., & Hosman, V. (2012), “Entrepreneurial orientation and the business performance of SMEs: a quantitative study from the Netherlands”, Review of Managerial Science, Vol. 6, pp. 161-182.
Kurtulmuş, B. E., & Warner, B. (2015). Entrepreneurial orientation and perceived financial performance. Does the environment always moderate EO performance relation? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207, 739-748.
Lee, W.L., Chong, A.L. and T., R. (2019), “The effects of entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of the Malaysian manufacturing sector”, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 30-45.
Li, Y.H., Huang, J.W. and Tsai, M.T. (2009), “Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the role of knowledge creation process”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 440-449.x
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996), “Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 135-172.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (2001). Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 429-451.
Maldonado-Guzman, G., Martinez-Serna, M.D.C. and Pinzon-Castro, S.Y. (2017), “Entrepreneurial orientation and growth in Mexican small business”, Journal of Management and Sustainability, Vol. 7, p. 94.
Manzoor, F., Wei, L., & Siraj, M. (2021), “Small and medium-sized enterprises and economic growth in Pakistan: An ARDL bounds cointegration approach”, Heliyon, Vol. 7 No. 2, pp. e06340.
Masa’deh, R., Obeidat, B.Y. and Tarhini, A. (2016), “A Jordanian empirical study of the associations among transformational leadership, transactional leadership, knowledge sharing, job performance, and firm performance: a structural equation modeling approach”, Journal of Management Development, Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 681-705.
Masa’deh, R. E., Al-Henzab, J., Tarhini, A., & Obeidat, B. Y. (2018), “The associations among market orientation, technology orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, and organizational performance”, Benchmarking: An International Journal, 25(8), 3117-3142.
Miller, D. (1983), “The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms”, Management Science, Vol. 29 No. 7, pp. 770-791.
Nasution, M. D. T. P., Rafiki, A., Lubis, A., & Rossanty, Y. (2021), “Entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge management, dynamic capabilities towards e-commerce adoption of SMEs in Indonesia”, Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 256-282.
Nikoomaram, H. and Ma’atoofi, A.R. (2011), “The effect of learning orientation on market orientation and performance in small-sized firms: Evidence from Iran”, European Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 632-642.
Pandey, K. K., Mamentu, M., & Sampe, S. (2022). Pengaruh Modal Usaha, Kemampuan Manajerial dan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Pemberdayaan UMKM di Kecamatan Tombatu Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB), 12(1), 41-51.
Porfírio, J., Carrilho, T., Jardim, J. and Wittberg, V. (2022), “Fostering entrepreneurship intentions: the role of entrepreneurship education”, Journal of Small Business Strategy, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 1-10.
Putniņš, T. J., & Sauka, A. (2020). Why does entrepreneurial orientation affect company performance? Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 14(4), 711-735.
Putra, P. O. H., & Santoso, H. B. (2020), “Contextual factors and performance impact of e-business use in Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs)”, Heliyon, 6(3).
Ramezan, M., Sanjaghi, M.E. and Baly, H.R.K. (2013), “Organizational change capacity and organizational performance”, Journal of Knowledge-Based Innovation in China, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 188-221.
Santoso, W., Sunyoto, H. K., & Usmanij, P. (2023). Managing Intangible Resources on e-Commerce Msme Embracing Digital Era in Surabaya: A Test of Business Adoption as Mediation. In Entrepreneurship Research: Developing New and Emerging Patterns in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic Era (pp. 83-102). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Shah, S.Z.A. and Ahmad, M. (2019), "Entrepreneurial orientation and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises: Mediating effects of differentiation strategy", Competitiveness Review, Vol. 29 No. 5, pp. 551-572.
Sunyoto, H. K., Vincentia, J., & Nathanael, V. (2023), “ANALYZING THE INFLUENCE OF E-SERVICE QUALITY AND PRODUCT QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF E-COMMERCE WEBSITE ZALORA INDONESIA: TESTING PURCHASE DECISION AS THE MEDIATING VARIABLE”, International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), Vol. 7(4), pp. 1663-1673.
Tseng, S.M. and Lee, P.S. (2014), “The effect of knowledge management capability and dynamic capability on organizational performance”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 27 No. 2, pp. 158-179.
Uyanık, G. K., & Güler, N. (2013), “A study on multiple linear regression analysis”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 106, pp. 234-240.
Wales, W. J. (2016), “Entrepreneurial orientation: A review and synthesis of promising research directions”, International Small Business Journal, 34(1), 3-15.
Wijetunge, W.A.D.S. and Pushpakumari, M.D. (2014), “Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of small and medium scale enterprises of Western province in Sri Lanka”, Kelaniya Journal of Management, Vol. 2 No. 2.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
