Community structure of seaweed beds in Mantehage Island, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.3.2.2015.14043Keywords:
community structure, seaweed, Mantehage islandAbstract
Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Struktur komunitas rumput laut di Pulau Mantehage, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Seaweeds are an important marine resource for coastal community. They are used as medicine, paper materials, biofuel and direct consumption as vegetable or in food industries. Data collection in Mantehage island used Seagrass Watch method combined with line transect method with quadrat. This study found 29 species of seaweeds consisting of 13 species of Chlorophyta, 4 species of Phaeophtya and 12 species of Rhodophyta. Water temperatures ranged from 28–30ºC and pH ranged from 8.14–8.69, while salinity ranged between 30.8–31.9 ppt. Mantehage island waters has 100 % visibility with the current speed range of 30–42 cm/sec. INP of Caulerpa racemosa has the highest value at all sites. Diversity index ranged from 0.799–1.093 considered as low and dominance index ranged between 0.635–0.697 categorized as normal. Eveness index ranged from 0.303–0.365 showing that the seaweed community was under pressures. Rumput laut pada saat ini menjadi komoditas penting bagi masyarakat pesisir. Manfaat rumput laut selain dikonsumsi juga dijadikan sebagai obat, bahan baku kertas dan biofuel. Data di pulau Mantehege dikumpulkan menggunakan metode Seagrass watch yang dikombinasikan dengan metode transek garis dan kuadran. Ditemukan 29 spesies rumput laut yang terdiri dari 13 alga hijau Clorophyta, 4 alga cokelat Phaeyophtya dan 12 alga merah Rhodophyta. Substrat pada lokasi penelitian berupa karang mati dan batu karang. Suhu di perairan Pulau Mantehage di lokasi penelitian berkisar 28–30ºC. pH di lokasi penelitian yaitu 8,14–8,69 dengan salinitas berkisar 30,8–31,9 ppt. Kecerahan di Pulau Mantehege yaitu 100% dan kecepatan arus di kisaran 30–42 cm/detik. Nilai INP Caulerpa racemosa mempunyai nilai tertinggi pada semua lokasi. Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) pada semua lokasi didapat berkisar 0,799–1,093 yang dikategorikan rendah dan biasa. Nilai Indeks Dominasi (D) pada semua lokasi berkisar antara 0,635–0,697 yang dikategorikan sedang. Indeks Keseragaman (J’) berkisar 0,303–0,365 yang menggambarkan komunitas pada kondisi tertekan.References
ANDERSEN, H.K. (2011) Gastropods Associated with Laminaria hyperborean and Saccorhiza polyschides in a Norwegian Kelp Forest. Trondheim: Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
BOROWITZKA, M.A. and MOHEIMANI N.R. (2013) Algae for Biofuels and energy. Developments in Applied Phycology 5. New York: Springer.
BROWNLEE, I., FAIRCLOUGH, A., HALL, A. and PAXMAN, J. (2012) The potential health benefits of seaweed and seaweed extract. In: Seaweed: ecology, nutrient composition and medicinal uses. Marine Biology - Earth Sciences in the 21st Century. New York: Nova Science Publishers, pp. 119-136.
CHIRAPART, A. (2006) Seaweed Industry In Thailand: Advances in Seaweed Cultivation and Utilization in Asia. University of Malaya Maritime Research Centre. Malaysia: City Reprographic Services, pp. 29-33.
DAHURI, R., RAIS, R.J., GINTING, S.P. and SITEPU, M.J. (2008) Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan Secara Terpadu. Jakarta: PT. Nusantara Lestari Ceria Pratama.
DUFFY, J.E. and HAY, M.E. (1990) Seaweed Adaptations to Herbivory. BioScience, 40 (5), pp. 368-375.
GERUNG, G.S., LOKOLLO, F.F., KUSEN, J.D. and HARAHAP, A.P. (2006) Study on the seaweeds of Ambon Island, Indonesia. Journal Coastal Marine Science, 30 (1), pp. 162-166.
HARLEY, C.D.G., ANDERSON, K.M., DEMES, K.W., JORVE, J.P., KORDAS, R.L. and COYLE, T.A. (2012) Effects Of Climate Change On Global Seaweed Communities. Phycological Society of America, pp. 1064–1078. DOI: 10.1111/ j.1529-8817.2012. 01224.
KEPEL, R.C. and BAULU, S. (2013) Makroalga dan lamun Keanekeragaman Vegetasi laut di Maluku Tenggara barat. Jakarta: Cahaya Pineleng.
KEPEL, R.C., LUMINGAS, L.J.L. and TALAKUA, S. (2012) Makroalga dan Lamun Keanekaragaman Vegetasi Laut di Monokwari. Jakarta: Cahaya Pineleng.
KRAAN, S. (2010) Mass-cultivation of carbohy-drate rich macroalgae,
a possible solution for sustainable biofuel production. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. DOI 10.1007/s11027-010-9275-5.
LUDWIG, J.A. and REYNOLDS, J.F. (1988) Statistical ecology: a primer on methods and computing. New York: A Wiley Interscience publications.
MERLY, S., WAGEY, B. and GERUNG, G.S. (2013) Struktur komunitas padang lamun desa arakan kabupaten minahsa selatan. Aquatic Science & Management, 1 (1), pp. 32-38.
NYBAKKEN, J.W. (1992) Biologi laut: Suatu Pendekatan Ekologi. Jakarta: Gramedia.
ODUM, E.P. (1983) Basic Ecology. New York: Saunders College Publisng.
OHNO, M. and CRITCHLEY, A.T. (2000) Effects on Comemercially Valuable Fisheries Resources in Japan. Namibia: Private Bag 13301 ES 140, Windhoek.
OHNO, M. (2006) Recent Developments. In: the Seaweed Cultivation And Industry in Japan - Advances in Seaweed Cultivation and Utilization in Asia. Malaysia: University of Malaya Maritime Research Centre, City Reprographic Services, pp. 1-20.
PULUKADANG, I., KEPPEL, R.C.H. and GERUNG, G.S. (2013) Kajian Bioekologi alga makro Genus Caulerpa di Perairan Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Aquatic Science & Management, 1 (1), pp. 26-31.
ROMIMOHTARTO, K. and JUWANA, S. (2005) Biologi laut ilmu pengetahuan tentang biota laut. Jakarta: Ikrar Mandiri Abadi.
SEO, Y.B., LEE, Y.W., LEE, C.H. and YOU, H.C. (2009) Red algae and their use in papermaking. Bioresource Technology 101, pp. 2549-2553.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
COPYRIGHT & LICENSES:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format — and adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially — with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
