Mapping of tsunami prone areas in coastal region of Kema, North Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.0.0.2013.2275Keywords:
erathquake, Richter scale, tsunami, Kema, North SulawesiAbstract
Kema coastal region is a coastal tourist area quite a lot of visitors especially during the holidays. Most of the population in this region is fishing. This region had experienced 4 meter tsunami on 6 September 1889 by an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale in the Moluccas Sea epicenter position ± 72 km southeast of Kema. The earthquake caused a tsunami that has the potential to re-occur in the future. The purpose of this study was to calculate how much the maximum magnitude earthquakes likely to occur in the Moluccas Sea and map the run-up tsunami caused by the earthquake in Coastal Areas of Kema. Calculation of maximum magnitude and tsunami run-up using the relationship between the frequency and magnitude of the Guttenberg-Richter earthquake and Imamura tsunami software, then run up the tsunami mapped using GIS software. Generated that could potentially occur in the Moluccas Sea earthquake with a magnitude of 8.5 on the Richter scale can cause a tsunami to hit the coast Kema Beach area on 10 minutes after the earthquake, the tsunami run-up heights reached 13.9 meters. Mapping the tsunami run-up showed that the entire coastal region of Kema is tsunami prone areas©
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Wilayah pesisir Kema merupakan kawasan wisata pantai yang cukup banyak pengunjungnya terutama pada saat hari libur. Sebagian besar penduduk di wilayah ini adalah nelayan. Wilayah ini pernah mengalami tsunami 4 meter pada tanggal 6 September 1889 akibat gempa bumi dengan magnitudo 8,0 Skala Richter di Laut Maluku dengan posisi pusat gempa ± 72 km tenggara Kema. Gempa bumi yang menimbulkan tsunami ini berpotensi terulang kembali pada waktu yang akan datang. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghitung berapa besar magnitudo maksimum gempa bumi yang berpeluang terjadi di Laut Maluku dan memetakan run up tsunami akibat gempa bumi tersebut di wilayah pesisir Kema. Perhitungan magnitudo maksimum dan run up tsunami menggunakan hubungan antara frekuensi dan magnitudo gempa bumi Guttenberg-Richter, serta software tsunami Imamura, yang kemudian run up tsunami dipetakan dengan menggunakan software GIS. Dihasilkan bahwa di Laut Maluku berpotensi terjadi gempa bumi dengan magnitudo 8,5 Skala Richter yang dapat menimbulkan tsunami hingga melanda di pantai wilayah pesisir Kema pada menit ke 10 setelah kejadian gempa bumi, dengan ketinggian run up tsunami mencapai 13,9 meter. Pemetaan run up tsunami tersebut menunjukkan bahwa seluruh wilayah pesisir Kema adalah daerah rawan tsunami©
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